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Anatomy > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Includes limbs and supporting bone girdles.

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2
Q

Pectoral girdle

A

Connects arms to the body, enabling movement.

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3
Q

Clavicle

A

S-shaped bone connecting sternum to scapula.

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4
Q

Scapula

A

Broad, flat triangle articulating with humerus.

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5
Q

Humerus

A

Only bone in the arm, extends to elbow.

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6
Q

Ulna

A

Medial bone of forearm, forms elbow joint.

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7
Q

Radius

A

Lateral bone of forearm, allows wrist rotation.

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8
Q

Carpal bones

A

Eight bones forming the wrist joint.

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9
Q

Metacarpals

A

Five bones forming the palm of the hand.

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10
Q

Phalanges

A

Finger bones; 28 total in hands.

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11
Q

Pelvic girdle

A

Supports lower limbs, connects to spine.

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12
Q

Femur

A

Thigh bone, longest bone in the body.

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13
Q

Patella

A

Kneecap, protects knee joint.

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14
Q

Tibia

A

Medial bone of lower leg, weight-bearing.

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15
Q

Fibula

A

Lateral bone of lower leg, stabilizes ankle.

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16
Q

Tarsal bones

A

Seven bones forming the ankle joint.

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17
Q

Metatarsals

A

Five bones forming the arch of the foot.

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18
Q

Coracoid process

A

Small anterior projection of the scapula.

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19
Q

Acromion

A

Large posterior projection of the scapula.

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20
Q

Glenoid cavity

A

Articulates with humerus to form shoulder joint.

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21
Q

Intertubercular sulcus

A

Groove separating greater and lesser tubercles.

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22
Q

Olecranon

A

Proximal end of ulna, forms elbow point.

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23
Q

Trochlear notch

A

Articulates with trochlea of humerus.

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24
Q

Radial notch

A

Articulates with head of radius.

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25
Q

Interosseous membrane

A

Fibrous sheet connecting ulna and radius.

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26
Q

Epicondyles

A

Distal expansions for muscle attachment on humerus.

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27
Q

Trochlea

A

Part of humerus, articulates with ulna.

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28
Q

Capitulum

A

Part of humerus, articulates with radius.

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29
Q

Disc-shaped head of radius

A

Above the neck

30
Q

Radial tuberosity

A

Below the neck; attaches biceps brachii

31
Q

Ulnar notch

A

At distal end; articulates with head of ulna

32
Q

Radial styloid process

A

On lateral surface; stabilizes wrist joint

33
Q

Proximal carpal bones

A

Four bones including scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

34
Q

Distal carpal bones

A

Four bones including trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

35
Q

Acetabulum

A

Socket on lateral surface of each hip bone; articulates with head of femur

36
Q

Ilium

A

One of the three fused bones in each hip bone

37
Q

Ischium

A

One of the three fused bones in each hip bone

38
Q

Pubis

A

One of the three fused bones in each hip bone

39
Q

Greater sciatic notch

A

For sciatic nerve

40
Q

Iliac crest

A

Upper brim of the ilium

41
Q

Ischial spine

A

Superior to lesser sciatic notch

42
Q

Ischial tuberosity

A

Posterior projection you sit on

43
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Where pubic bones attach to a pad of fibrocartilage

44
Q

Obturator foramen

A

Space encircled by ischial and pubic rami, closed by collagen fibers

45
Q

Sacro-iliac joints

A

Where auricular surfaces of ilia articulate with sacrum

46
Q

Acetabular notch

A

A gap in the ridge that forms margins of acetabulum

47
Q

Iliac fossa

A

Depression between iliac crest and arcuate line

48
Q

Inferior pubic ramus

A

Part of the pubis

49
Q

Superior pubic ramus

A

Part of the pubis

50
Q

Pectineal line

A

A ridge on anterior, superior surface of the pubis

51
Q

Male Skull

A

Heavier and rougher general appearance.

52
Q

Female Skull

A

Lighter and smoother general appearance.

53
Q

Cranium Size

A

Male cranium is about 10% larger.

54
Q

Forehead Shape

A

Male forehead is more sloping.

55
Q

Sinuses

A

Males have larger sinuses than females.

56
Q

Teeth Size

A

Male teeth are larger and more robust.

57
Q

Mandible

A

Male mandible is larger and squarer.

58
Q

Pelvis Appearance

A

Male pelvis is narrower and rougher.

59
Q

Pelvis Shape

A

Female pelvis is broader and smoother.

60
Q

Ilium Shape

A

Male ilium is long and narrow.

61
Q

Sacrum Shape

A

Male sacrum has pronounced curvature.

62
Q

Pelvic Inlet

A

Male pelvic inlet is narrow.

63
Q

Pelvic Outlet

A

Female pelvic outlet is wide.

64
Q

Coccyx Direction

A

Male coccyx points anteriorly.

65
Q

Obturator Foramen

A

Male obturator foramen is oval.

66
Q

Pubic Angle

A

Male pubic angle is less than 90º.

67
Q

Bone Mass

A

Males generally have greater bone mass.

68
Q

Lower Limb Functions

A

Weight bearing and movement.

69
Q

Tarsal Bones

A

Seven bones forming the ankle.

70
Q

Calcaneus

A

Largest tarsal bone, heel bone.

71
Q

Longitudinal Arch

A

Connects calcaneus to metatarsals.

72
Q

Transverse Arch

A

Curvature difference across foot width.

Anatomy (15 decks)

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