Chapter 8 Flashcards
Ben is asked to memorize the words canine, feline, and avian. He remembers the words by associating them with their synonyms: dog, cat, and bird. This is an example of ________ encoding.
semantic
What is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time?
memory
Encoding information occurs through ________
automatic processing and effortful processing
The encoding of words and their meaning is known as ________ encoding.
semantic
Pan finds it difficult to learn the alphabet, until he hears the alphabet song. Then he can easily remember it. This is an example of ________ encoding.
acoustic
What is the tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance?
Self-reference effect
________ encoding is the encoding of images.
visual
According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, ________.
memories are processed the same way that a computer processes information
What type of memories do we consciously try to remember and recall?
Explicit memories
What is procedural memory?
Type of implicit memory that stores information about how to do things
The act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness is known as ________.
retrieval
What is semantic memory?
Knowledge about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge and facts
What kind of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes?
Sensory
Elaborative rehearsal involves ________.
thinking about the meaning of the new Information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory
Which theory/hypothesis suggests that strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories, and weak emotional experiences form weak memories?
Arousal theory
Which concept describes the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories?
Suggestibility
Which of the following is a good example of acoustic encoding?
A. being able to hum the tune to a song even when you can’t remember the lyrics
B. dreaming about an airport and deciding to take a trip
C. thinking about a bike you plan to buy and having the image of the bike appear in your mind
D. remembering the names of the Great Lakes with the acronym HOMES
A. Being able to hum the tune to a song even when you can’t remember the lyrics
Remembering ________ is a good example of episodic memory.
your first day of school
In order to remember his lines for the play, Guy repeats his lines over and over again. This process is called ________.
rehearsal
Which of the following is a good example of semantic encoding?
A. being able to hum the tune to a song after hearing it only once
B. dreaming about a beach and deciding to take a vacation
C. remembering the colors of the rainbow with the acronym ROY-G-BIV
D. thinking about a car you plan to buy and having the image of the car appear in your mind
C. remembering the colors of the rainbow with the acronym ROY-G-BIV
When people say you never forget how to ride a bike, they are
referring to ________ memory, also called non-declarative memory.
implicit
When you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying on ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system that helps you choose the correct answer.
recognition
For many in the baby-boom generation, the Kennedy assassination represents a ________, an exceptionally clear recollection of an important event.
flashbulb memory
When experiencing ________ amnesia, you experience loss of memory for events that occurred prior to the trauma. When experiencing ________ amnesia, you cannot remember new information.
retrograde ; anterograde
