Chapter 16

Question 1

Cultural competence is a therapist’s understanding of, and attention to, ________.

Answer 1

race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Question 2

Addiction is often viewed as a(an) ________ disease.

Answer 2

chronic

Question 3

During the therapist’s first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client’s immediate needs.

Answer 3

intake

Question 4

Which treatment modality involves 5–10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician?

Answer 4

Group therapy

Question 5

Humanistic therapy is also called ________ therapy.

Answer 5

client-centered

Question 6

Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?

Answer 6

Confidentiality

Question 7

Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?

Answer 7

Behavior therapy

Question 8

Exposure therapy is a ________ technique.

Answer 8

counterconditioning

Question 9

ECT stands for ________.

Answer 9

electroconvulsive therapy

Question 10

Who developed client-centered therapy?

Answer 10

Carl Rogers

Question 11

In medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was ________.

Answer 11

possessed by demons

Question 12

Who developed psychoanalysis?

Answer 12

Sigmund Freud

Question 13

Who led the reform efforts for mental health care in the United States?

Answer 13

Dorothea Dix

Question 14

Deinstitutionalization refers to the ________.

Answer 14

process of closing large asylums

Question 15

In the free association technique of psychoanalysis, the ________.

Answer 15

client says whatever comes to mind at the moment

Question 16

Renzo’s therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

Answer 16

Behavior therapy

Question 17

Which therapeutic process involves the use of toys?

Answer 17

Play therapy

Question 18

Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his pessimistic attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

Answer 18

Cognitive therapy

Question 19

Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?

Answer 19

Humanistic therapy

Question 20

On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?

Answer 20

Systematic desensitization

Question 21

Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________.

Answer 21

token economy

Question 22

What does research show regarding race and ethnic differences in those who receive mental health services?

Answer 22

Ethnic minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently than White, middle-class Americans.

Question 23

For Burt, who has claustrophobia, a small dark room creates a small amount of fear, a stairwell creates a bit more fear, and an elevator creates the most fear. Burt’s therapist induces deep relaxation and asks him to imagine a small
dark room. Gradually, they will work up to having Burt imagine being in an elevator. What aspect of exposure therapy is this?

Answer 23

Stimulus hierarchy

Question 24

Svetlana admires her boss, Helga. One day Helga forgets her briefcase and Svetlana loses all admiration for Helga. Svetlana thinks that a boss is either always perfect or not worthy of admiration. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

Answer 24

All-or-nothing thinking

Question 25

Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

Answer 25

Active listening

Question 26

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

Answer 26

Unconditional positive regard

Question 27

The use of ________ can result in decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, and headache.

Answer 27

stimulants

Question 28

Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.

Answer 28

antidepressants

Question 29

Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

A. Lithium
B. Adderall
C. Xanax
D. Clozaril

Answer 29

B. Adderall

Question 30

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________.

Answer 30

severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

Question 31

Dr. Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy.

Answer 31

biomedical

Question 32

Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy?

A. In every case it is more effective than individual therapy
B. Clients in group therapy don’t need additional biomedical therapy.
C. It can decrease a client’s shame and isolation about a problem
D. There is less transference during group therapy.

Answer 32

C. It can decrease a client’s shame and isolation about a problem

Question 33

Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.

Answer 33

Free association

Question 34

Statistics show that ________ of homeless adults living in shelters experience mental illness.

Answer 34

26%

Question 35

Which institutional setting replaced asylums in caring for the mentally ill?

Answer 35

Psychiatric hospitals

Question 36

Which principle underlies the effectiveness of systematic desensitization?

Answer 36

You can’t be nervous and relaxed at the same time

Question 37

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

Answer 37

How you think determines how you feel

Question 38

Carl Rogers called his therapeutic orientation client-centered therapy because he thought the term “patient” ________.

Answer 38

suggested the person seeking help was sick and looking for a cure

Question 39

According to the American Psychological Association (APA), three factors work together to produce successful treatment. Which of the following is not one of the three factors?

A. clinical expertise of the psychologist or therapist

B. client’s characteristics, values, preferences, and culture

C. having a psychologist or therapist of the same sex

D. use of evidence-based treatment that is deemed appropriate for client’s issue

Answer 39

C. Having a psychologist or therapist of the same sex

Question 40

What principle underlies cognitive-behavioral therapy?

Answer 40

Thoughts affect behavior