Chapter 15 Flashcards
A psychological disorder is a______
condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Etiology is another word for_______
causes
Who identified psychological disorders as a harmful dysfunction?
Jerome C. Wakefield
What is comorbidity?
Co-occurrence of two disorders
The ________ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events.
diathesis-stress
________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior.
anxiety
A panic disorder is a type of ________disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks.
anxiety
Which childhood disorder is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests?
Autism spectrum disorder
People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.
obsessive-compulsive
Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in OCD?
Orbitofrontal cortex
Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?
A. instability in interpersonal relationship and, self-image, and mood
B. lack of regard for others’ rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds
C. pervasive need for perfectionism that interferes with the ability to complete tasks
D. overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance
B. lack of regard for others’ rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds
________ involves thoughts of death by suicide, thinking about or planning suicide, or making a suicide attempt.
suicidal ideation
Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?
schizophrenia
________ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person.
paranoid
What kind of symptoms involves reflecting noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives?
Negative
Donna exhibits two separate personalities, each well-defined and distinct from one another, so Dr. Paulson diagnosed Donna with ________ disorder.
dissociative identity
Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of ________.
being outside the home alone
________are mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as wearing bland, neutral clothes to avoid drawing attention to oneself.
Safety behaviors
Mae notices that her daughter, Natalie, is extremely preoccupied with the freckles on her nose. Mae can barely see the freckles, but Natalie spends hours in front of the mirror and recently declared that her nose is deformed and she is ugly. She spent her entire weekend applying products to eliminate the freckles, and she recently announced her plans to save money for plastic surgery. Mae believes her daughter
may have a ________ disorder.
body dysmorphic
Dr. Griffiths diagnosed Manuel with major depressive disorder because he ________.
appears tearful to others and spends weeks at a time feeling sad, empty, and hopeless
Identify the obsession in the following sentence. “Keisha is overly concerned about germs, so she spends hours wiping the surfaces of her home and washing her hands.”
Concern over germs
Cordelia, an active-duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, and irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder.
posttraumatic stress
Which of the following is an example of flight of ideas?
A. Gilbert speaks in a monotone voice.
B. Gilbert attempts suicide, then calls 9-1-1.
C. Gilbert exhibits an abundance of energy during his debate session.
D. Gilbert talks loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly
D. Gilbert talks loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly
Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can’t afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.
mania