Chapter 4 Flashcards
What hormone does the pineal gland release?
Melatonin
The ________ rhythm is the biological rhythm that occurs over approximately 24 hours.
Circadian Rhythm
Which state is marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness that is distinct from periods of rest while awake?
sleep
The ________ wave is characteristic of stage 1 sleep.
alpha
In what stage of sleep do sleep spindles appear?
Stage 2
Which theorist described dreams as having manifest and latent content?
Sigmund Freud
Which researcher believed that dreams simply reflect life events that are important to the dreamer?
Rosalind Cartwright
NREM sleep is a period of sleep ________
outside periods of REM sleep
________ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role.
Parasomnias
Sleep apnea is defined by ________.
abnormal reductions in breathing while a person is asleep
Which theorist suggested that dreaming may represent a state of protoconsciousness?
John Hobson
Sleepwalking, night terrors, and restless leg syndrome are all examples of________.
parasomnias
Ali is aware of his feelings, emotions, and thoughts. He is also aware of his surroundings, the warmth of the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic. Ali is in a state of ________
consciousness
Which of the following is an example of wakefulness?
A. Mercy, unconscious after being hit on the head
B. Petro, immediately before entering REM sleep
C. Jenna, competing in a marathon
D. Samuel, sleepwalking in the middle of the night
Jenna, competing in a marathon
Feeling pain, hunger, thirst, sleepiness, and being aware of our thoughts and emotions are all examples of _______ stimuli.
internal
Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world.
circadian