Chapter 79: Pharmacogenomics Flashcards
For a recessive allele to produce a recessive phenotype, the individual must have ___ copies
2
Specific sequence of nucleotides that code for a single protein
gene
What is the most commonly occurring allele
Wild-type
Two identical alleles make up a ____ genotype
homozygous
Two different alleles make up a ____ genotype
heterozygous
The set of unique genes that determine a specific trait in an individual
Genotype
An observable trait of the genotype, such as hair color, or an inherited trait that is not outwardly visible, such as sickle cell disease
Phenotype
A change in a single nucleotide in a genetic sequence
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
The most common genetic alteration in DNA
SNPs
What is responsible for the majority of individual variability in response to a drug
SNP
Which type of drug metabolizer has fewer functional enzymes to metabolize a drug substrate
Poor metabolizers
Which type of drug metabolizer has more functional enzymes to metabolize a drug substrate
Ultra-rapid metabolizers
Abacavir + abacavir containing combo drugs (Triumeq, Epzicom) requires testing for which HLA gene
HLA-B*5701
Allopurinol (Zyloprim, Aloprim) requires testing for which HLA gene
HLA-B*5801
-Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
-Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)
-Phenytoin (Dilantin)
-Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)
require testing for which HLA gene
HLA-B*1502