autonomic nervous system

Question 1

vasopressors are adrenergic drugs that (sympathetic medications) that do what to heart rate

Answer 1

increase

-any drug that increases heart rate has an increased chance of tachyarrhythmias

Question 2

medication for anticholinergic toxicity (example drugs: scolpalamine patch, atropine, benadryl)

Answer 2

Physostigmine (administered slow IV or IM in the ER)

Question 3

Physostigmine MOA

Answer 3

it inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase

Question 4

what are the 4 pure beta 2 agonists (medications to treat asthma)

Answer 4

terbutaline, albuterol, metaproterenol, ritodrine

Question 5

cardura generic

Answer 5

doxazosin

Question 6

most important counseling point with cardura (doxazosin)

Answer 6

fainting ( alpha blocker used for BPH, can cause significant orthostatic hypotension! )

Question 7

medication used for hypertensive crisis secondary to pheochromocytoma, MAOI interactions and cocaine overdose

Answer 7

Phentolamine (regitine)

Question 8

bethanecol is a

Answer 8

direct cholinergic agonist

Question 9

bethanecol (urecholine) indication

Answer 9

urinary retention, neurogenic bladder

Question 10

neostigmine treats

Answer 10

postoperative bladder retention and myasthenia gravis

Question 11

neostigmine is a

Answer 11

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

-bradycardia SE

Question 12

broncodilation is cholinergic or anticholinergic

Answer 12

anticholinergic

Question 13

symptomatic bradycardia is treated with

Answer 13

epinephrine IV
atropine IV
or
Dopamine IV

Question 14

atropine is an

Answer 14

anticholinergic

Question 15

if you give atropine in excess more than 3mg (which is the max) you can see toxicity.. what does that look like?

Answer 15

• anhidrosis (dry)
• flushing
• hyperthermia
• mydriasis
• agitated delirium
• urinary retention
• tachycardia

Question 16

pilocarpine MOA

Answer 16

direct cholinergic agonist, used to treat acute closed angle glaucoma attacks

Question 17

what else can be used to treat acute closed angle glaucoma attacks

Answer 17

IV/PO acetazolamide, ophthalmic timolol and pilocarpine

Question 18

atropine and scopalamine are

Answer 18

anticholinergics and cause urinary retention

Question 19

treatment of anaphylaxis includes

Answer 19

1) epinephrine SQ injection
2) Benadryl IM
3) Systemic corticosteroids

Question 20

what is not used for anaphylaxis

Answer 20

atropine

Question 21

usages of atropine

Answer 21

1) reversal of exposure to cholinergic agents (nerve agents, insectisides, pesticides)
2) tx of symptomatic bradycardia

Question 22

epinephrine side effects

Answer 22

adrenergic (hyper + dry)

• myDRYasis
• tachycardia
• increased heart contractility, CO, BP
• bronchodRYation
• fat lipolysis: increased glucose
• uterus relaxation (urinary retention)
• dry mouth, dry eyes, constipation, worsening of glaucoma

Question 23

clonidine MOA

Answer 23

alpha adrenergic 2 agonist

Question 24

clonidine AE

Answer 24

2 most common side effects

1) Dry mouth
2) Constipation

• hypotension
• bradycardia
• drowsiness
• constipation
• dry mouth

Question 25

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 25

neostigmine
edrophonium
physostigmine