Chapter 7: Work, Leisure, and Media Flashcards
During the past two decades, there has been an explosion in adolescents’ use of __________.
new media
More than ___% of American teens go online daily, and nearly _________- use one or more social media sites.
93, three-quarters
About ___________ of all adolescents have their own smartphone, but they spend more time texting or accessing social media.
three-fourths
Texting increases between ______ and ______ adolescence, then declines.
early, middle
The average teenager sends about ____ text messages each day.
50
Adolescents ______________ - the amount of time they spend each day using one of the mass media - is extremely high.
total media exposure
The average adolescents spends nearly ____ hours each day using different media simultaneously.
9
The ___________ theory refers to a perspective on media use that emphasizes the impact media exposure has on individuals.
cultivation theory
The ___________ approach is a perspective on media use that emphasizes the active role users play in selecting the media to which they are exposed.
uses and gratification
The ___________ model has a perspective on media use that emphasizes the fact that adolescents not only choose what media they are exposed to, but also interpret the media in ways that shape their impact.
media practice
___________ is the relationship in which the correlation between two things is due not to the first thing causing the second, but to the second causing the first.
reverse causation
_____________ is a relationship in which the correlation between two things is due to the fact that each of them is correlated with some third factor.
spurious causation
How is new media typically accessed?
computers and cellphones
Which type of media use has decline in the past decade?
reading
A study of 120,000 English adolescents found that their mental health was NOT negatively affected by ____ to ____ hours of screen time a day.
1-3
More than ____% of American teens go online daily.
93
Adolescents who report a lot of media use are more likely to be __________ and _________.
bored, unhappy
Approximately ___% of all American teenagers text while driving.
40
The idea that playing violent video games makes adolescents aggressive and watching sexy movies makes adolescents sex-crazed is consistent with ______ theory.
cultivation
Adolescents are spending ________ time watching television programs at their regularly scheduled times.
less
Seventeen-year-old Jaron spends hours each day looking at online pornography. When online, Jaron rarely looks for videos or news articles. Instead, he searchers for pornographic sites. Jaron’s behavior is consistent with ______.
the uses and gratifications approach
More than ______% of all television shows popular among teenagers contain sexual content.
70
One study found that exposure to sexually explicit websites __________ the likelihood of sexual activity among adolescents who were sexually mature.
decreased
One study found that both losing one’s virginity and becoming pregnant were depicted more positively in the _________
Netherlands
One recent study found that exposure to sexually explicit websites increased the likelihood of sexual activity among adolescents who had ____________.
just entered puberty
Charles enjoys online gaming, such as Call of Duty. When asked why he likes to play this game so much, he says, “It’s just fun. I like meeting new people and the competition is fun.” According to research, playing video games for fun decreases __________ consequences.
negative
Depictions of alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs appear in nearly all top-grossing movies and roughly ______ of prime-time network dramatic programs.
3/4
What is associated with compulsive online activity?
procrastination, social anxiety, depression
Researchers speculate that frequent online communication among friends brings them closer because such communication facilitates ______.
self-disclosure
“Facebook depression” is believed to result from spending too much time ______.
obsessing about online relationships
Evidence connecting excessive Internet use with psychological problems is ______.
inconsistent
