Achievement & Motivation

Question 1

The extent to which an individual strives for success

Answer 1

achievement motivation

Question 2

the ability to wait longer to get a larger, better, or more valuable reward instead of a less attractive one available immediately

Answer 2

delay of gratification

Question 3

Upon college entry, success is influenced equally by ___________ and ___________.

Answer 3

conscientiousness, intelligence

Question 4

Students can be so afraid _______________ is undermined.

Answer 4

achievement motivation

Question 5

Fear of failing is often manifests by feelings of ___________.

Answer 5

anxiety

Question 6

__________ interferes with successful performance and adolescents’ achievement motivation.

Answer 6

fear

Question 7

Studies of adolescents from ___________ backgrounds show that parents’ criticism when expectation are not achieved creates mental health problems.

Answer 7

affluent

Question 8

students whose grades are far lower than one would expect based on their intellectual ability

Answer 8

underachievers

Question 9

a phenomenon in which a small amount of anxiety improves performance by increasing concentration

Answer 9

Yerkes-Dodson law

Question 10

According to Yerkes-Dodson law, insufficient anxiety can impair performance as a result of _____________.

Answer 10

boredom

Question 11

According to Yerkes-Dodson law, excessive anxiety can impair performance because of ___________.

Answer 11

stress

Question 12

Some students underachieve, not because of fear of failure but because appearing uninterested in academics gains more respect from ____________.

Answer 12

peers

Question 13

deliberately behaving in ways that will likely interfere with doing well in order to have an excuse for failing.

Answer 13

self-handicapping strategies

Question 14

Boys who self-handicap tend to attribute poor performance to ___________.

Answer 14

lack of effort

Question 15

Girls who self-handicap tend to attribute poor performance to ______________.

Answer 15

emotional problems

Question 16

motivation to succeed based on the pleasure one will experience from mastering a task

Answer 16

mastery motivation (intrinsic)

Question 17

motivation to succeed based on the rewards one will receive from successful performance

Answer 17

performance motivation (extrinsic)

Question 18

Strong __________ orientation results in better performance in school.

Answer 18

mastery

Question 19

In _____________ motivation, parents emphasize giving rewards to adolescents for good grade. Students are _________ likely to do well.

Answer 19

performance, less

Question 20

In ___________ motivation, parents emphasize autonomy with adolescents and provide cognitively stimulating home environment. Students are _________ likely to do well.

Answer 20

mastery, more

Question 21

The harmful effect that exposure to stereotypes about ethnic or sex differences in ability has on student performance

Answer 21

stereotype threat

Question 22

Student ____________ may be enhanced or depressed, depending on how individuals think they are expected to perform.

Answer 22

achievement

Question 23

___________ stereotypes can be positive (that Asians are more intelligent) or negative (that Black or Latinx individuals are underachievers)

Answer 23

ethnic

Question 24

Changing views of male and female intellectual abilities have affected adolescent girls’ ________ performance.

Answer 24

test

Question 25

the sense that an individual has some control over their life

Answer 25

self-efficacy

Question 26

believing that intelligence is malleable and can be "grown" over time

Answer 26

growth mindset

Question 27

Students who believe in ________________ are less affected by their level of confidence, because they are less concerned about grades.

Answer 27

malleable intelligence

Question 28

Students who believe in ______________ tend to be oriented toward their performance and to be greatly affected by self-efficacy.

Answer 28

fixed intelligence

Question 29

Students who believe in fixed intelligence are more likely to suffer the adverse health consequences of _________.

Answer 29

stress

Question 30

Teachers who are ____________ bring out the worst in students

Answer 30

performance oriented

Question 31

the beliefs that individuals hold about the causes of their successes and failures

Answer 31

achievement attributions

Question 32

Individuals attribute their ____________ to a combination of ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck.

Answer 32

performance

Question 33

Students high in __________ motivation are likely to make more attributions.

Answer 33

intrinsic

Question 34

Too much praise for effort may communicate the message that adolescents have _________.

Answer 34

low ability

Question 35

Students who attribute their failures to a lack of effort are ________ likely to try harder on future tasks.

Answer 35

more

Question 36

Students who attribute their failure to factors they feel cannot be changed are more likely to feel ___________ and to exert ______ effort in subsequent situations.

Answer 36

helpless, less

Question 37

The acquired belief that individuals are not able to influence events through their own efforts or actions

Answer 37

learned helplessness

Question 38

Learned helplessness is caused by students being told their _________ don't make a difference and causes students to perform __________ in school.

Answer 38

efforts, worse