Chapter 7- Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis Flashcards
According to from, humans have been torn away from their prehistoric union with nature and have no powerful instincts to adapt to a changing world; instead, they have acquired the facility to reason and can think about their isolated condition, a condition from called the:
Human dilemma
From believed that only the distinctive human needs can move people toward a reunion with the natural world, he called these needs:
Existential needs
What are the five existential needs according to from?
Relatedness, transcendence, rootedness, a sense of identity, and a frame of orientation
According to Fromm, this existential need is the drive for union with another person or persons and can take the form of submission, power, or love.
Relatedness
According to from this is the only route by which a person can become united with the world and at the same time achieve individuality and integrity. It is a union with somebody, or something outside oneself under the condition of retaining the separateness and integrity of one’s own self
Love
According to from, this existential need is defined as the urge to rise above a passive and accidental existence and into the realm of purposefulness and freedom. Can be sought through either positive or negative approaches
Transcendence
To kill for reasons other than survival
Malignant aggression
According to from, this existential need is defined as the need to establish roots or do you feel at home again in the world.
Rootedness
This nonproductive strategy when it comes to The existential need rootedness is a tenacious reluctance to move beyond the protective security provided by one’s mother
Fixation
According to from, this existential need is the capacity to be aware of ourselves as a separate entity
A sense of identity
Describe the positive and negative expressions of finding a sense of identity
Nonproductively as conformity to a group and productively as individuality
According to from, this existential need is about needing a roadmap or consistent philosophy to make your way through the world
Frame of orientation
How does a person nonproductively and productively express the existential need frame of orientation
Nonproductively as striving for irrational goals and productively as movement towards rational goals
Productively, the existential need rootedness enables us to grow beyond the security of our _______ and establish ties with the outside world
Mother
In from burden of freedom humans are the freaks of the universe because they are the only animal possessing self-awareness. As people gained more political freedom, they began to experience more isolation from others and from the world. As a result, freedom becomes a burden and people experience _____ ______ or the feeling of being alone in the world
Basic anxiety
According to from, to reduce the frightening sense of isolation and aloneness, people may adopt one of three mechanisms of escape:
Authoritarianism, destructiveness, and conformity
According to from, this mechanism of escape is the tendency to give up ones independence and to unite with a powerful partner. Can take one of two forms, masochism or sadism.
Authoritarianism
According to from, this mechanism of escape is aimed at doing away with other people or things
Destructiveness
According to Fromm, this mechanism of escape means to surrender one’s individuality in order to meet the wishes of others
Conformity
According to Fromm, the human dilemma can only be solved through the spontaneous activity of the whole, integrated personality (both rational and emotional potentialities), which is achieved when a person becomes reunited with others. This is called:
Positive freedom
In Fromm’s theory, this is a persons relatively permanent way of relating to people and things, the way their personality is reflected.
Their character orientation
According to Fromm, this is the relatively permanent system of all non-instinctual strivings through which man relates himself to the human and natural world
Character
According to Fromm, people relate to the world in two ways. by acquiring and using things, also known as _______, and by relating to self and others, also known as _______.
Assimilation, socialization
According to Fromm, people can acquire things through 4 nonproductive orientations:
Receiving things passively, exploiting or taking things by force, hoarding objects, and marketing or exchanging things