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AP US History > Chapter 7 American Revolution > Flashcards

Chapter 7 American Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

One advantage the United States enjoyed as the American Revolution began was what?

A

officers and troops who had gained military experience by fighting in the various colonial wars.

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2
Q

The most important element of the US in the victory against Great Britain was what?

A

the Commitment of the Continental Army

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3
Q

The largest number of loyalists who left the United States during the Revolution moved where?

A

Canada

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4
Q

What was the first nation to sign a formal treaty of alliance with the US?

A

France

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5
Q

Which side did the Indians support for the most part?

A

Great Britain

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6
Q

Did the slaves participate in the war?

A

yes, they supported the war effort in a variety of ways

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7
Q

To the British, the war was turned upside-down at where?

A

Yorktown

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8
Q

What type of government did the Articles of Confederation create?

A

a relatively weak central government

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9
Q

What was Congress’s major task in the 1780’s?

A

passing important ordinances dealing with the western territories and with the admission of new states.

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10
Q

The most famous African American writer during the Revolutionary era was?

A

Phyllis Wheatly

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11
Q

How many Americans were killed in the war?

A

25,000

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12
Q

How did women participate in the war(3)?

A

some fought, some travelled with the soldiers, some just stayed at home and supported the effort

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13
Q

How did the patriots treat the loyalists?

A

they took away all of their civil rights

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14
Q

Why was Benedict Arnold considered the most hated man in America.

A

He was a war hero who became a traitor

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15
Q

What was the original British strategic plan?

A

take New York City then take albany, completely cutting off New England.

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16
Q

Who won the Battle of Long Island?

A

the British

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17
Q

Did the war continue on after Yorktown?

A

yes but only in minor battles

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18
Q

When does the war finally end?

A

1783

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19
Q

Who were the Hessians?

A

hired British mercenaries

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20
Q

What battle was considered the turning point of the war?

A

Saratoga

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21
Q

Why did the soldiers get mad at the government?

A

they did not receive a penchant

22
Q

What was the name of the speech given to the soldiers after the war and who gave it?

A

Newburgh Address by George Washington

23
Q

What do land ordinances do?

A

set up blocks of land/townships

24
Q

What does the Northwest ordinance establish?

A

allow a petition to become a state

25
Q

What two reasons did we have the revolutionary war?

A

for less taxes and more freedom

26
Q

Who was Mercy Otis

A

a political writer who thought politics and war were thought to be the province of men

27
Q

What side was General William Howe on?

A

British

28
Q

What is Valley Forge and what happened to many there?

A

a military camp in Pennsylvania consisting of many log cabins. Many soldiers died of disease and starvation.

29
Q

Who led the battles of Trenton & Princeton on the colonial side and what major strategy did he use?

A

Washington used the element of surprise by sneaking up on the Delaware.

30
Q

What two things were significant about the Battle of Saratoga?

A

it was a turning point in the revolution and it helped convince the French to fight on the American side

31
Q

What did the Treaty of Alliance create?

A

a defensive alliance between France and America

32
Q

Who was Joseph Brant and what 3 positions did he hold?

A

a mohawk indian Chief who was a spokesperson for his tribe, a Christian missionary, and a British military officer

33
Q

What did Lord Dunmore’s proclamation promise?

A

freedom for all slaves who served in the British Army

34
Q

What side was General Gates on and what major battle did he fight in?

A

Saratoga

35
Q

Who won the Battle of Kings Mountain in the South?

A

America

36
Q

Who was General Rochambeau?

A

a French General who commanded the French forces at Yorktown

37
Q

Who was General Cornwallis?

A

most capable British general during the revolution but suffered the ultimate defeat at Yorktown

38
Q

What 3 major political positions did John Jay hold?

A

president of the continental congress, the chief justice of the supreme court, and secretary of foreign affairs

39
Q

Who was Baron von Steuben and what did he do for the American army?

A

German officer who served the cause of U.S. independence by converting the revolutionary army into a disciplined fighting force.

40
Q

Who was Marquis de Lafayette?

A

a French aristocrat and military officer

41
Q

British strategy after 1778 was to?:

A

seize key southern posts, enlist the aid of loyalist militiamen, and move northward to pacify one region after another.

42
Q

Why did relations between the elites and the common people change as a result of the American Revolution?:

A

the elites learned that they would have to treat the common people with respect in order to receive their support.

43
Q

What was the role of African-Americans in the American Revolution?:

A

Americans generally avoided arming blacks, but the British eagerly recruited runaway slaves.

44
Q

General Charles Cornwallis’ surrender at Yorktown resulted largely from the?:

A

French fleet winning control of the Chesapeake Bay.

45
Q

What was a major reason why France and Spain wanted to support America?

A

They had a chance to regain their territory

46
Q

Who helped construct and lead the Kentucky Militia?

A

Virginian George Rogers Clark

47
Q

Could the Articles of the Confederation tax directly?

A

No

48
Q

One of the purposes for writing the Declaration of Independence was to?:

A

convince potential foreign allies of American determination to gain independence.

49
Q

American Tories believed that?:

A

separation from Britain was an illegal act that would ignite an unnecessary war.

50
Q

Some Indian nations joined the British during the Revolutionary War because?:

A

they believed that a British victory would restrain American expansion into the West.

51
Q

Why was George Washington selected as general?

A

he was from the southern colonies

AP US History (23 decks)

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