Chapter 29

Question 1

What was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?

Answer 1

a joint resolution that the United States Congress passed in response to the naval Gulf of Tonkin Incident near Vietnam

Question 2

Who were the Vietcong

Answer 2

a political organization and army in South Vietnam and Cambodia that fought the United States and South Vietnamese governments during the Vietnam War

Question 3

What was Operation Rolling Thunder?

Answer 3

aerial bombardment campaign conducted against the Democratic Republic of Vietnam

Question 4

Who was General Westmoreland?

Answer 4

United States Army four-star general, who commanded U.S. military operations in the Vietnam War at its peak, including during the 1968 Tet Offensive

Question 5

What did the Credibility gap describe?

Answer 5

public skepticism about the Lyndon B. Johnson administration’s statements and policies on the Vietnam War

Question 6

What was SDS?

Answer 6

Students for a Democratic Society that took an active role against the Vietnam War

Question 7

What did the students in the Free Speech Movement want?

Answer 7

the university administration of the University of California lift the ban of on-campus political activities and acknowledge the students’ right to free speech and academic freedom.

Question 8

What were Teach-ins?

Answer 8

general educational forums on any complicated issue, usually an issue involving current political affairs

Question 9

What is Napalm and how was it used?

Answer 9

a mixture of a thickening/gelling agent and petroleum or a similar fuel used as a chemical in the Vietnam war

Question 10

What did “The Other America” by Michael Harrington study?

Answer 10

poverty in the US

Question 11

What was “The Great Society”

Answer 11

a set of domestic programs in the United States first announced by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson at Ohio University

Question 12

What was the OEO

Answer 12

Office of Economic Opportunity

Question 13

What was the Tet Offensive?

Answer 13

one of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War, launched by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army against the forces of South Vietnam, the United States, and their allies

Question 14

Who was James Earl Ray?

Answer 14

an American criminal convicted of the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.

Question 15

What does VISTA stand for?

Answer 15

Volunteers in service to America

Question 16

What was Black Power and what group was associated with it?

Answer 16

a political slogan and a name for various associated ideologies aimed at achieving self-determination for people of African/Black descent/Black Panthers

Question 17

Who was Stokley Carmichael

Answer 17

a Trinidadian-American black activist active in the 1960s American Civil Rights Movement

Question 18

Who wrote the Feminine Mystique and what did it start?

Answer 18

Betty Friedan which is widely credited with sparking the beginning of second-wave feminism in the United States

Question 19

What does NOW stand for?

Answer 19

National Organization for Women

Question 20

What was the Stonewall Riots?

Answer 20

a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay community

Question 21

Who are considered Chicano?

Answer 21

Mexican-Americans in the United States

Question 22

What does AIM stand for?

Answer 22

American Indian Movement

Question 23

What was the Alcatraz Sit-in

Answer 23

an occupation of Alcatraz Island by the group Indians of All Tribes (IAT)

Question 24

Who were the Silent Majority?

Answer 24

an unspecified large majority of people in a country or group who do not express their opinions publicly

Question 25

Who is Henry Kissinger?

Answer 25

an American diplomat and political scientist. A recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, he served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as Secretary of State

Question 26

What was the My Lai Massacre

Answer 26

the Vietnam War mass murder of between 347 and 504 unarmed civilians in South Vietnam on March 16, 1968

Question 27

What was the Ping-pong diplomacy?

Answer 27

the exchange of table tennis (ping-pong) players between the United States and People’s Republic of China (PRC) in the early 1970s.

Question 28

What was the cause of the Kent State Massacre?

Answer 28

students protesting against the Cambodian Campaign in Vietnam

Question 29

What was SALT

Answer 29

two rounds of bilateral talks and corresponding international treaties involving the United States and the Soviet Union on the issue of armament control

Question 30

What was the EPA?

Answer 30

Environmental Protection Agency

Question 31

What was the Watergate Scandal?

Answer 31

major political scandal that occurred in the United States in the 1970s as a result of the June 17, 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C.

Question 32

What was the Saturday Night Massacre?

Answer 32

U.S. President Richard Nixon’s executive dismissal of independent special prosecutor Archibald Cox, and the resignations of Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus on October 20, 1973 during the Watergate scandal

Question 33

What were the Pentagon Papers?

Answer 33

papers that proved the Johnson Administration “systematically lied to the public but also to Congress” about Vietnam.