Chapter 15-16 Civil War Flashcards
Who came up with the compromise of 1850?
Henry Clay
What are the parts of the compromise of 1850 for the North?(2)
California admitted as a free states
Slave trade abolished in Washington D.C.
What are the parts of the compromise of 1850 for the South?(3)
New Mexico and Utah Territories organized under popular sovereignty
Federal government assumed Texa’s debt; Texas game up western land claims
A more effective Fugitive Slave Law
What is a nickname for the Fugitive Slave Law?
the man stealing act
When does William Lloyd Garrison want freedom of slaves?
“now”
What does Uncle Tom’s Cabin do?
split the North and South even more
Who introduced the Kansas Nebraska act?
Stephen Douglas
What did the Kansas Nebraska act allow?
popular sovereignty
Why is there a mass rush into the Kansas territory?
whichever group has more people will gain that state as either a free or a slave state
How did the two groups interact in Kansas?
through fighting
Who attacks in the Sack of Lawrence?
proslavery forces
Who did John Brown raid and where?
a few proslavery people on the Pottawatomiea Creek
Was Sumner proslavery or antislavery?
antislavery
Was Brooks reelected and supported by South Carolina?
yes
Who is Dred Scott, the slave, named after?
Winfield Scott
Did Dred Scott eventually gain freedom even after being denied freedom by the courts?
yes
What did the supreme court make unconstitutional on the issue of slavery?
the missouri Comprimise
What political office were the Lincoln Douglas debates for?
Senate
What did John Brown predict?
slavery cannot be removed without blood shed
What is the main factor of Lincoln’s victory in the election?
the democratic party had two canidates
What was the first state to leave the union?
South Carolina
What is the purpose of the Crittenden Compromise?
to keep the union together
By the senatorial campaign of 1858 many Americans believed that the nations democratic institutions would provide what?
a lasting political solution to the issues associated with slavery
How successful was the Compromise of 1850?
it failed to come to grips with several important issues
The law passed in 1850 that generated emotional opposition in the North was the what?
new fugitive slave law
One warning in 1852 of a coming crisis was the what?
difficulty the political parties had in selecting their presidential nominees.
The federal legislation that pushed the national party system into crisis was the
Kansas Nebraska Act
In her letter to her sister, Florella Adair indicated what?
free-soil men faced being murdered by pro slavery ruffians
Nativist politics in the 1850’s were shaped by the
Know Nothings
With the election of 1856, the Republican party did what?
established themselves as a viable political party
In the Dred Scott decision chief Justice Roger Taney declared what about African Americans?
they were not citizens of the US and had no legal rights
The Dramatic event that helped further polarize the nation in 1859 was?
John Brown’s raid on the arsenal at Harpers Ferry
As the secession crisis began, Abraham Lincoln refused to do what?
consider any compromise that allowed the expansion of slavery.
What type of ship was the U.S.S Alabama?
commerce
How many slaves did the Emancipation Proclamation free?
none, it could not be enforced
Lecompton Constitution
the second of the proposed constitutions for the state of Kansas written to protect slavery and exclude free blacks
Dred Scott Decision
a landmark decisionby theU.S. Supreme Courtin which the Court held thatAfrican Americans, whether slave or free, could not be American citizens and therefore had no standing to sue in federal court
Harper’s Ferry raid
assault by an armed band ofabolitionistsled byJohn Brownon the federal armory located atHarpers Ferry, Va.
Compromise of 1850
series of compromise measures passed by the U.S. Congress in an effort to settle several outstandingslaveryissues and to avert the threat of dissolution of the Union.
Lincoln Douglas debates
a series of seven debates betweenAbraham Lincoln, theRepublicancandidate for theSenatein Illinois, andSenatorStephen Douglas, theDemocratic Partycandidate
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
is an anti-slaverynovel by American authorHarriet Beecher Stowe
Freeport Doctrine
the ideas articulated by Stephen A. Douglas at the second of the Lincoln-Douglas debates on the issue of slavery
Brooks attacks Sumner
a fight on the senate floor between a proslavery senator and an abolitionist.
Sack of Lawrence
pro-slavery activists attacked and ransacked the town of Lawrence, Kansas
Election of 1860
the election of Abraham Lincoln with 4 candidates of 4 parties.
Constitutional Union Party
a political party made up of conservative formerWhigswho wanted to avoid secessionism over theslaveryissue
Pottawatomie Massacre
John Brownand a band ofabolitionist settlers — some of them members of the Pottawatomie Rifles— killed five settlers north of Pottawatomie Creek
Crittenden Compromise
an unsuccessful proposal introduced byKentuckySenator John J. Crittendenaiming to resolve theU.S. secession crisis
Anaconda Plan
the Union plan to constrict the South through naval blockades.
Iron Clad
a steam-propelled warship in the early part of the second half of the 19th century, protected by iron or steel armor plates
Battle of Bull Run
the first major land battle of the American Civil War.
Stonewall Jackson
The nickname of Thomas Jackson because of his military strategy of creating solid forces in a line.
Battle of Antietam
the first major battle in theAmerican Civil Warto take place on Union soil. It is the bloodiest single-day battle inAmerican history
Battle of Shiloh
a major battle in theWestern Theaterof the American Civil War
U.S.S. Alabama
civil war ship used for blockading the Confederate states.
Battle Monitor and Merrimac
most importantnaval battleof theAmerican Civil War because it wasthe first meeting in combat ofironclad warships
Contraband
the slaves who fought in the civil war for the Union.
Fort Pillow Massacre
Confederate slaughter ofblackFederal troops stationed at Fort Pillow,Tennessee.
54th Massachusetts
he first officialAfrican Americanunits in the United States during the Civil War
Andersonville Prison
largest Confederate war prison
Battle of Gettysburg
the turning point of the civil war that involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war.
Siege of Vicksburg
final major military action in theVicksburg Campaignof the American Civil War
Sherman’s March to the Sea
the march of General Sherman’s union troops from Atlanta to Savanna, Georgia.
Thirteenth Amendment
abolishedslaveryandinvoluntary servitude, exceptas punishment for a crime
U.S. Sanitary Commission
a private relief agency created by federal legislation on June 18, 1861, to support sick and wounded soldiers of the U.S. Army during theAmerican Civil War
Clara Barton
a pioneer Americanteacher,patent clerk,nurse, and humanitarian.
Copperheads
Northern democrats who were anti war.
New York City Draft Riots
the Irish rebellion of the draft
Election of 1864
The second election of Abraham Lincoln
John Wilkins Booth
the assassin of Abraham Lincoln
What was an important federal agency that helped the Union soldiers during the Civil War?
US Sanitary Commission
Why did Lincoln occasionally violate American civil rights?
in order to protect national security
What was the guiding principle for Abraham Lincoln during the war?
obtaining reconciliation with the South to ensure the survival of the nation
What was crucial to the Union’s ultimate victory?
its campaigns along the Mississippi River
What were the two significant events that were turning points in the war?
the federal victory at Gettysburg and the Union’s capture of Vicksburg
General Ulysses S. Gran’t approach to the war was what?
to pursue unconditional victory aggressively despite the cost to his own forces.
The new Republican party?:
prospered because of Northern outrage over “Bleeding Sumner” and “Bleeding Kansas”.
Stephen A. Douglas argued in his Freeport Doctrine during the Lincoln-Douglas debates that?:
action by territorial legislatures could keep slavery out of the territories.
When the Supreme Court ruled in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) that the Missouri Compromise (1820) was an unconstitutional infringement on property rights, the Supreme Court was exercising?:
judicial review
At the outset, President Lincoln held that the Civil War was being fought to?:
preserve the Union.
The United States Congress during the Civil War did what three things?:
Adopted a tariff, a homestead law, and a transcontinental railroad.
Suspension of the writ of habeas corpus for all people living between Washington and Philadelphia provides evidence of which of the following?:
presidential power increased during the Civil War.
The key event that guaranteed Lincoln’s re-election in 1864 was?:
the fall of Atlanta to General Sherman.
During the Civil War, most of the Five Civilized Tribes in the Indian Territory of present-day Oklahoma supported who?:
The Confederacy
States that sold public lands granted to them under the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862 were required to use the income to?:
promote public education in agriculture.
