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AP US History > Chapter 19 The Incorporation of America > Flashcards

Chapter 19 The Incorporation of America Flashcards

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1
Q

What did Herbert Spencer believe?(3)

A
  • > competition was “the law of life” and resulted in the “survival of the fittest” in human society
  • > laissez faire
  • > financial traits are inheritted
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2
Q

What was the idea behind rugged individuals?

A

a true individual will solve his/her own problem and does not need the government to help

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3
Q

What term did Mark Twain use to describe this time period?

A

the Gilded Age

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4
Q

What are Robber Barons

A

industrial leaders who were considered to be “robbing” from the people for their own profits

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5
Q

What are Industrial Statesmen?

A

industrial leaders who is improving society

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6
Q

What is horizontal integration?

A

a monopoly of a single product for an entire market

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7
Q

What is vertical integration?

A

a monopoly of an entire production for a single product

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8
Q

What are pools?

A

3 or 4 members who divide a market so everyone makes a profit

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9
Q

What are trusts?

A

a board that is a combination of several companies that makes decisions for all companies to maximize profit.

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10
Q

What are interlocking directorates?

A

boards of directors of different companies having sufficient members in common to ensure that the companies involved are under the same control by buying stocks

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11
Q

What is the original purpose of oil?

A

lamp fuel

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12
Q

What is Frederick W. Taylor the father of?

A

Scientific Management

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13
Q

What was the first U.S. nation wide union?

A

National Labor Union

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14
Q

Who was Terrance V. Powderly?

A

the head of the Knights of Labor

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15
Q

What did knights of labor promote?

A

an 8 hour workday

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16
Q

What was an important manufacturing innovation at the end of the nineteenth century??

A

continuous production

17
Q

Between 1865 and 1900, the growth of big business in America was facilitated by what to things??

A

horizontal integration and vertical combination

18
Q

To justify the wealth, many American businessmen embraced the ideology of what??

A

social Darwinism

19
Q

The American Federation of Labor appealed to whom??

A

skilled workers and concentrated on improving their wages

20
Q

What were the two most important urban transportation innovations between 1870 and 1900??

A

street cars and elevated railroads

21
Q

Thorstein Veblen described the wealthy class’s extravagance as what??

A

conspicuous consumption

22
Q

The famous educator who emphasized industrial training for African American students was who??

A

Booker T. Washington

23
Q

Towards the end of the 1800’s what became the major form of popular entertainment?

A

sports such as baseball

24
Q

Who is Fredrick Omsted?

A

the father of American landscape architecture

25
Q

Who was James Duke and what did he do?

A

a U.S. tobacco and electric power industrialist best known for the introduction of modern cigarette manufacture

26
Q

Who was the main founder of the Standard Oil Company?

A

John D. Rockefeller

27
Q

What did the Sherman Antitrust act do?

A

prohibits certain business activities that federal government regulators deem to be anticompetitive

28
Q

Who wrote the Gospel of Wealth?

A

Andrew Carnegie

29
Q

What was the first federation of labor unions in the US?

A

American Federation of Labor

30
Q

Who was H.H. Richardson?

A

prominent American architect

31
Q

An important factor in the rapid development of industry in the United States during the last half of the 19c was?:

A

the availability of capital for investment purposes.

32
Q

A long-range influence of Samuel Gompers on the American labor movement was his advocacy of?:

A

non-involvement in party politics.

33
Q

J. P. Morgan monitored his competition by placing officers of his bank on the board of companies that he wanted to control. This method was known as a(n)?:

A

interlocking directorate.

AP US History (23 decks)

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