Chapter 25 World War II Flashcards
During most of the 1930’s, Franklin Roosevelt understood that the only way to end the Great Depression was for what?
a major war to break out in Europe
The War Powers Act established what?
a broad executive authority that would shape presidential power even after the war ended.
What was the U.S. strategy employed in the Pacific?
Island Hopping
Who were the code talkers?
soldiers during theworld warswho used their knowledge ofNative-Americanlanguages as a basis to transmit coded messages
What did Rosie the Riveter represent?
American women who worked in factories
What were the Zoot-Suit Riots
a series of riots that broke out in Los Angeles, California, between Anglo American sailors and Marines stationed in the city and Latino youths
What did A. Philip Randolf do?
heorganized and led theBrotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first predominantly black labor union, led theMarch on Washington Movement, which convinced PresidentFranklin D. Rooseveltto issueExecutive Order 8802, banning discrimination in the defense industries
What did the SPAB- Supply Priorities and Allocation Board do?
oversaw the use of scarce materials and resources
What did the OPA- Office of Price Administration do?
it checked the threat of inflation
What did the NWLB- National War Labor Board do?
mediated disputes between labor and management
What did the WMC- War Manpower Commission do?
it directed the mobilization of military and civilian services
What did the OWM- Office of War Mobilization do?
it coordinated operations among all the agencies
What did the OWI- Office of War Information do?
engaged press, radio, and film industry in an informational campaign
What was the Bracero Program
a series of laws and diplomatic agreements for the importation of temporary contract laborers from Mexico to the United States
What was the Manhattan project?
a research and development project that produced the firstatomic bombsduringWorld War II
What event is related to this quote: “a date which will live in infamy”
Pearl Harbor
Who was the father of American shipbuilding?
Henry Kaiser
What was WAACs?
Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps
What did the Nye Committee do?
investigated the financial and banking interests which underlayUnited States’ involvement inWorld War II
Was the America First Committee pro or anti war?
anti war
What did the Lend Lease Act promote?
the Defense of the United States
What was the War Powers Act?
a federal law intended to check the president’s power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of Congress
What did Korematsu v. U.S. concern?
the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship
Who were the Big Three?
Joseph Stalin, FDR, and Winston Churchill
What was Operation Overlord code name for?
theBattle of Normandy, the operation that launched the invasion of German-occupied western EuropeduringWorld War IIbyAlliedforces
What theater was George Patton known for leading in?
European theater
What were the 6 major conferences in order?
Casablanca, Cairo, Tehran, Quebec, Yalta, Potsdam
Who was the supreme commander of the allied Forces in Europe?
General Eisenhower?
What was Lebensraum?
an important component of Nazi ideology in which territorial expansionism is used to gain Lebensraum as being a law of nature for all healthy and vigorous peoples of superior races to displace people of inferior races
What were the Nuremberg Laws?
antisemitic laws in Nazi Germany introduced at the annual Nuremberg Rally of the Nazi Party
What happened at Dunkirk?
an important battle in the Second World War between the Allies and Germany in which the British and French forces retreated to Great Britain.
What did the Atlantic Charter define?
the Allied goals for the post-war world
Where did Operation Torch take place?
French North Africa
Who was the “desert fox”
General Erwin Rommel of the British Eighth Army
Who was Douglas MacArthur
an American general and field marshal of the Philippine Army who was Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II
What happened at the Bataan Death March?
the forcible transfer by theImperial Japanese Armyof 60,000–80,000 Filipino and Americanprisoners of warafter the three-monthBattle of Bataanin thePhilippinesduringWorld War II
What were the two cities destroyed by the atomic bomb?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
What major region did Japan invade?
Manchuria
What is Nisei
a Japanese-language term used in countries in North America, South America and Australia to specify the children born to Japanese people in a new country
