Chapter 7 Flashcards
photosynthesis
process by which plants use the sun’s energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars
producer
organism that makes its own food (autotroph) and produces organic molecules that serve as food
heterotroph
organism that obtains food by eating other organisms
consumer
organism that obtains food by eating producers or other consumers
cellular respiration
chemical process that uses oxygen to convert chemical energy stored in organic molecules into ATP
kinetic energy
energy of motion
potential energy
energy stored due to an object’s position or arrangement
thermal energy
total amount of energy associated with the random movement of atoms and molecules in a sample of matter
chemical energy
potential to perform work due to the arrangement of atoms within molecules
calorie
amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of water 1 degree Celsius
ATP
(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
aerobic
requiring oxygen
electron transport chain
sequence of electron carrier molecules that transfer electrons and release energy during cellular respiration
metabolism
all of a cell’s chemical processes
glycolysis
the splitting in half of a glucose molecule; the first stage of cellular respiration and fermentation
