Biology Midterm: chp 8

Question 1

photosynthesis

Answer 1

products=
6CO⬇️2+6H⬇️2O➡️
reactants=
C⬇️6H⬇️12O⬇️6+6CO⬇️2

Question 2

pigment

Answer 2

a chemical compound that makes a substances color
when light shines on a material three things can happen:
-can be absorbed
-can be transmitted
-can be reflected

Question 3

how photosystems help harvest energy

Answer 3

when sunlight strikes a leaf inside the thylakoid membrane, chlorophyll, and other molecules are arranged in clusters called photosystems. each photosystem contains a few hundred pigment molecules (including chlorophyll a&ab and carotenoids)
the cluster of pigments acts like a light gathering panel (mini solar collector)

Question 4

how the Calvin cycle makes sugar

Answer 4

from atoms in carbon dioxide plus the hydrogen ions and the high energy electrons carried by NADPH

Question 5

overall process of photosynthesis

Answer 5

the light reactions (take place I. the thylakoid membrane) converts light energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH. the light reactions use the reactant water from the equation and release the product oxygen. the Calvin cycle (takes place in the stroma) uses ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide to sugar

Question 6

carbon in the carbon cycle

Answer 6

the carbon enters the cycle and is added with an enzyme to form RuBP(three six carbon skeleton) the skeleton then breaks down into six three carbon skeletons(3-PGA). ATP and NADPH is added during the light reaction to convert 3-PGA to G3P. one G3P leaves the cycle and the five others continue to start the cycle again.

Question 7

structure of chloroplast

Answer 7

outer membrane
inner membrane
stroma
thylakoids