Biology Midterm: chp 9 Flashcards
sexual reproduction
the two sex cells combine and produce genetically different offspring (meiosis)
inherit genetic material from both parents
asexual reproduction
the two new cells are genetically identical
simple cell division (mitosis)
inherit genetic material from just one parent
cell cycle
Interphase= G⬇️1,S,G⬇️2 where cells increase size, has the need for new cells, makes sure DNA is not damaged and prepares for cell division
Motorists phase=undergoes mitosis no cytokinesis and ends with two genetically identical daughter cells
cytokinesis in plants
a cell plate forms inside of the cell and grows outward(eventually the new piece of cell wall divides the cell into two)
result=two daughter cells bonded by its own continuous membrane and its own cell wall
cytokinesis in animals
first sign=indentation in the middle of the cell
caused by a ring of microfilaments in the cytoplasm
the ring contracts the parent cell into two
benign tumor
stays in one location
abnormal mass of normal cells
malignant tumor
reproduction of cancer cells
uncontrolled cell division
can travel through the blood stream=metastasis
cancer treatment
surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation it works at the cellular rate bc it prevents cell division
homologous chromosomes
two chromosomes of each matching pair (one from mom and one from dad)
diploid
two homologous sets of chromosomes
haploid
single set of homologous chromosomes
meiosis
type of cell division that produces four cells each with half as many as the parent cell
cell reproduction contributes to repair and growth
cell reproduction enables your body to produce new skin cells that replace dead cells at your skins surface. cell reproduction helps us grow from a baby to an adult (increasing size)
