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Emergency Medical Technician book > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

absorption

A

The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream

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2
Q

action

A

The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body

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3
Q

activated charcoal

A

An oral medication that binds and adsorbs ingested toxins in the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses. Charcoal is ground into a very fine powder that provides the greatest possible surface area for binding medications that have been taken by mouth; it is carried on the EMS unit.

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4
Q

adsorption

A

The process of binding or sticking to a surface

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5
Q

agonist

A

A medication that causes stimulation of receptors

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6
Q

antagonist

A

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications

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7
Q

aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA)

A

A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever) analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping)

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8
Q

contraindications

A

Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate, for example, a condition in which a medication should not be given because it would not help or may actually harm a patient

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9
Q

dose

A

The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient’s size and age

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10
Q

EMT-administered medication

A

When the EMT directly administers the medication to the patient

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11
Q

enteral medications

A

Medications that enter the body through the digestive system

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12
Q

epinephrine

A

A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree; you may be allowed to help the patient self-administer the medication

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13
Q

gel

A

A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes

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14
Q

generic name

A

The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of its “trade names”); the name is not capitalized

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15
Q

hypoglycemia

A

An abnormally low blood glucose level

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16
Q

indications

A

The therapeutic uses for a specific medication

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17
Q

inhalation

A

Breathing into the lungs; a medication delivery route

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18
Q

intended effect

A

The effect that a medication is expected to have on the body

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19
Q

intramuscular (IM) injection

A

An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route

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20
Q

intranasal (IN)

A

A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the nare

21
Q

intraosseous (IO)

A

Into the bone; a medication delivery route

22
Q

intravenous (IV) injection

A

An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route

23
Q

medication

A

A chemical substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain

24
Q

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

A

A miniature spray canister through which droplets or particles of medication may be inhaled

25
Q

mucosal atomizer device (MAD)

A

A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and pushes it into a nostril

26
Q

nitroglycerin

A

A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing arteries to dilate; you may be allowed to help the patient self-administer the medication

27
Q

oral

A

By mouth; a medication delivery route

28
Q

oral glucose

A

A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit

29
Q

over-the-counter (OTC) medications

A

Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription

30
Q

oxygen

A

A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without oxygen

31
Q

parenteral medications

A

Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes

32
Q

patient-assisted medication

A

When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication

33
Q

peer-assisted medication

A

When the EMT administers medication to him or herself or to a partner

34
Q

per os (PO)

A

Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral

35
Q

per rectum (PR)

A

Through the rectum; a medication delivery route

36
Q

pharmacodynamics

A

The process by which a medication works on the body

37
Q

pharmacology

A

The study of properties and effects of medications

38
Q

polypharmacy

A

The use of multiple medications on a regular basis

39
Q

prescription medications

A

Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician’s order

40
Q

side effects

A

Any effects of a medication other than the desired ones

41
Q

solution

A

A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand

42
Q

subcutaneous (SC) injection

A

Injection into the tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route

43
Q

sublingual (SL)

A

Under the tongue; a medication delivery route

44
Q

suspension

A

A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve

45
Q

topical medications

A

Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route

46
Q

trade name

A

The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized

47
Q

transcutaneous (transdermal)

A

Through the skin; a medication delivery route

48
Q

unintended effect

A

Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient

49
Q

untoward effects

A

Actions that can be harmful to the patient

Emergency Medical Technician book (39 decks)

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