Chapter 24 Flashcards
abrasion
Loss or damage of the superficial layer of skin as a result of a body part rubbing or scraping across a rough or hard surface
amputation
An injury in which part of the body is completely severed
avulsion
An injury in which part of the body is completely severed
burns
Injuries in which soft-tissue damage occurs as a result from thermal heat, frictional heat, toxic chemicals, electricity, or nuclear radiation
closed injuries
Injuries in which damage occurs beneath the skin or mucous membrane but the surface remains intact
compartment syndrome
Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue
contact burn
A burn caused by direct contact with a hot object
contamination
The presence of infective organisms or foreign bodies such as dirt, gravel, or metal
contusion
A bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin
crushing injury
An injury that occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body
crush syndrome
Significant metabolic derangement that develops when crushed extremities or body parts remain trapped for prolonged periods. This can lead to renal failure and death.
dermis
The inner layer of the skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels
eccchymosis
Discoloration associated with a closed wound; signifies bleeding
epidermis
The outer layer of skin that acts as a watertight protective covering
evisceration
The displacement of organs outside the body
fascia
The fiberlike connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments
flame burn
A burn caused by an open flame
flash burn
A burn caused by exposure to very intense heat, such as in an explosion
full-thickness (third-degree) burns
Burns that affect all skin layers and may affect the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, and internal organs, leaving the area dry, leathery, and white, dark,brown, or charred
hematoma
Blood collected within the body’s tissues or in a body cavity
incision
A sharp, smooth cut
laceration
A jagged, open wound
mucous membranes
The linings of body cavities and passages that are in direct contact with the outside environment
occlusive dressings
Dressings made of petrolatum (Vaseline) gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic that prevents air and liquids from entering or exiting a wound
open injuries
Injuries in which there is a break in the surface of the skin or the mucous membrane, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination
partial-thickness (second-degree) burns
Burns affecting the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by blisters and skin that is white to red, moist, and mottled
penetrating wound
An injury resulting from a sharp, pointed object
rabid
Describes an animal that is infected with rabies
rule of nines
A system that assigns percentages to sections of the body, allowing calculation of the amount of skin surface involved in the burn area
scald burn
A burn caused by hot liquids
steam burn
A burn caused by exposure to hot steam
superficial (first-degree) burns
Burns affecting only the epidermis, characterized by skin that is red but not blistered or actually burned through
thermal burns
Burns caused by heat
