Chapter 24

Question 1

abrasion

Answer 1

Loss or damage of the superficial layer of skin as a result of a body part rubbing or scraping across a rough or hard surface

Question 2

amputation

Answer 2

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed

Question 3

avulsion

Answer 3

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed

Question 4

burns

Answer 4

Injuries in which soft-tissue damage occurs as a result from thermal heat, frictional heat, toxic chemicals, electricity, or nuclear radiation

Question 5

closed injuries

Answer 5

Injuries in which damage occurs beneath the skin or mucous membrane but the surface remains intact

Question 6

compartment syndrome

Answer 6

Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue

Question 7

contact burn

Answer 7

A burn caused by direct contact with a hot object

Question 8

contamination

Answer 8

The presence of infective organisms or foreign bodies such as dirt, gravel, or metal

Question 9

contusion

Answer 9

A bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin

Question 10

crushing injury

Answer 10

An injury that occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body

Question 11

crush syndrome

Answer 11

Significant metabolic derangement that develops when crushed extremities or body parts remain trapped for prolonged periods. This can lead to renal failure and death.

Question 12

dermis

Answer 12

The inner layer of the skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels

Question 13

eccchymosis

Answer 13

Discoloration associated with a closed wound; signifies bleeding

Question 14

epidermis

Answer 14

The outer layer of skin that acts as a watertight protective covering

Question 15

evisceration

Answer 15

The displacement of organs outside the body

Question 16

fascia

Answer 16

The fiberlike connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments

Question 17

flame burn

Answer 17

A burn caused by an open flame

Question 18

flash burn

Answer 18

A burn caused by exposure to very intense heat, such as in an explosion

Question 19

full-thickness (third-degree) burns

Answer 19

Burns that affect all skin layers and may affect the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, and internal organs, leaving the area dry, leathery, and white, dark,brown, or charred

Question 20

hematoma

Answer 20

Blood collected within the body’s tissues or in a body cavity

Question 21

incision

Answer 21

A sharp, smooth cut

Question 22

laceration

Answer 22

A jagged, open wound

Question 23

mucous membranes

Answer 23

The linings of body cavities and passages that are in direct contact with the outside environment

Question 24

occlusive dressings

Answer 24

Dressings made of petrolatum (Vaseline) gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic that prevents air and liquids from entering or exiting a wound

Question 25

open injuries

Answer 25

Injuries in which there is a break in the surface of the skin or the mucous membrane, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination

Question 26

partial-thickness (second-degree) burns

Answer 26

Burns affecting the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by blisters and skin that is white to red, moist, and mottled

Question 27

penetrating wound

Answer 27

An injury resulting from a sharp, pointed object

Question 28

rabid

Answer 28

Describes an animal that is infected with rabies

Question 29

rule of nines

Answer 29

A system that assigns percentages to sections of the body, allowing calculation of the amount of skin surface involved in the burn area

Question 30

scald burn

Answer 30

A burn caused by hot liquids

Question 31

steam burn

Answer 31

A burn caused by exposure to hot steam

Question 32

superficial (first-degree) burns

Answer 32

Burns affecting only the epidermis, characterized by skin that is red but not blistered or actually burned through

Question 33

thermal burns

Answer 33

Burns caused by heat