Chapter 6 Flashcards
adolescents
Persons who are 12 to 18 years of age
anxious-avoidant attachment
A bond between an infant and his or her parent or caregiver in which the infant is repeatedly rejected and develops an isolated lifestyle that does not depend on the support and care of others
atherosclerosis
A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of the blood vessels, forming plaque, which eventually leads to partial or complete blockage of blood flow
barotrauma
Injury resulting from pressure disequilibrium across body surfaces, for example from too much pressure in the lungs
bonding
The formation of a close, personal relationship
conventional reasoning
A type of reasoning in which a child looks for approval from peers and society
early adults
Persons who are 19 to 40 years of age
fontanelles
Areas where the infant’s skull has not fused together; usually disappear at approximately 18 months of age
infants
Persons who are form 1 month to 1 year of age
late adults
Persons who are 61 years old or older
life expectancy
The average amount of years a person can be expected to live
middle adults
Persons who are 41 to 60 years of age
moro reflex
An infant reflex in which, when an infant is caught off guard, the infants opens his or her arms wide, spreads the fingers, and seems to grab at things
neonate
Persons who are birth to 1 month of age
nephrons
The basic filtering units in the kidneys
palmar grasp
An infant reflex that occurs when something is placed in the infant’s palm; the infant grasps the object
postconventonal reasoning
A type of reasoning in which a child bases decisions on his or her conscious
preconventional reasoning
A type of reasoning in which a child acts almost purely to avoid punishment to get what he or she wants
preschoolers
Persons who are 3 to 6 years of age
rooting reflex
An infant reflex that occurs when something touches an infant’s cheek, and the infant instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch
school age
A person who is 6 to 12 years of age
secure attachment
A bond between an infant and his or her parent or caregiver, in which the infant understands that his or her parents or caregivers will be responsive to his or her needs and take care of him or her when he or she needs help
sucking reflex
An infant reflex in which the infant starts sucking when his or her lips are stroked
terminal drop hypothesis
The theory that a person’s mental function declines in the last 5 years of life
toddlers
Persons who are 1 to 3 years of age
trust and mistrust
A phrase that refers to a stage of development from birth to approximately 18 months of age, during which infants gain trust of their parents or caregivers if their world is planned, organized, and routine
