Chapter 10 Flashcards
afterload
The force or resistance against which the heart pumps
anaphylactic shock
Severe shock caused by an allergic reaction
anaphylaxis
An unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to foreign protein or other substances
aneurysm
A swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall
autonomic nervous system
The part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary functions, such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and sweating
cardiogenic shock
Shock cuased by inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure
compensated shock
The early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss
cyanosis
Bluish color of the skin resulting from poor oxygenation of the circulating blood
decompensated shock
The late stage of shock when blood pressure is failing
dehydration
Loss of water from the tissues of the body
distributive shock
A conditon that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both
edema
The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area
homeostasis
A balance of all systems of the body
hypothermia
A condiiton in which the internal body termperature falls below 95 degrees Fahrenheit (35 degrees Celsius), usually as a result of prolonged exposure to cool or freezing temperatures
hypovolemic shock
Shock caused by fluid or blood loss
irreversible shock
The final stage of shock, resulting in death
myocardial contractility
The ability of the heart muscle to contract
neurogenic shock
Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries
obstructive shock
Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels, cuasing an insufficient blood supply to the body’s tissues
perfusion
Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells’ current needs
preload
The precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up
psychogenic shock
Shock caused by a sudden, temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting (syncope)
sensitization
Developing a sensitivity to a substance that initially cuased no allergic reaction
septic shock
Shock cuased by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection
shock
A conidition in which the circulatory system fails to procide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypoperfusion
sphincters
Circular muscles that encircle and, by contracting, constrict a duct, tube, or opening
syncope
Fainting
