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CPT > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

What term is used to describe muscle tension that is created without a change in muscle length and no visible movement of the joint?

A

Isometric

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2
Q

Which of the following muscle groups work both eccentrically and concentrically in the sagittal plane during a squat?

A

Quadriceps

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3
Q

In order to optimally load muscle during the eccentric phase, the fitness professional should recommend which of the following?

A

Lower the weight more slowly to increase time under tension

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4
Q

What is the most accurate description of motor control?

A

The ability to initiate and correct purposeful controlled movements

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5
Q

Which of the following benefits may occur as a result of exercises that comprise only eccentric muscle actions that are appropriately loaded?

A

Increased anabolic hormone stimulation

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6
Q

Which of the following examples describes a muscle that is functioning as an antagonist?

A

The biceps brachii being active during elbow extension

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7
Q

What movement term is used to describe the concept of adducting the shoulder blades so that they become closer together?

A

Scapular retraction

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8
Q

Which of the following statements would be accurate with regard to muscle force and velocity during an eccentric muscle action?

A

As the contraction velocity increases the ability to develop force also increases.

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9
Q

Which of the following muscles is primarily targeted when performing a biceps curl exercise with the thumb up?

A

Brachioradialis

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10
Q

Which concept should be used to describe the functioning of the serratus anterior as it assists the anterior deltoid during shoulder flexion?

A

Synergist

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11
Q

What type of input may provide a runner with a cue to contract the evertor muscles to avoid an inversion injury?

A

Proprioception

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12
Q

Which subsystem is responsible for providing both frontal plane mobility and stabilization of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex?

A

Lateral subsystem

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13
Q

What anatomical term is used to describe something that is relatively closer to the midline of the body?

A

Medial

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14
Q

During normal walking, the pelvis rotates in what plane to facilitate the necessary momentum for the swing phase?

A

Transverse

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15
Q

How should the amortization phase of the stretch-shortening cycle be described?

A

The transition from eccentric loading to concentric unloading

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16
Q

Performing a biceps curl with a dumbbell in the hand is an example of which type of lever?

A

Third class

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17
Q

Which of the following effects may occur if the amortization phase of a plyometric exercise is prolonged?

A

Stored energy will dissipate, and the unloading phase will be less powerful.

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18
Q

What term is used to describe the concept of how the functioning of one body segment can impact other areas of the body?

A

Regional interdependence

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19
Q

How is an isokinetic muscle contraction best described?

A

A contraction that occurs when the speed of movement is fixed and the resistance varies with the force exerted

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20
Q

What is the scientific term that describes the nervous system’s role in the contract/relax relationship between agonists and antagonists?

A

Reciprocal inhibition

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21
Q

Which of the following statements would be accurate with regard to muscle force and velocity during a concentric contraction?

A

As the velocity of the muscle action increases, its ability to produce force decreases.

22
Q

How should an eccentric muscle action be described?

A

The development of muscle tension during lengthening of the contractile tissue

23
Q

What scientific term is used to describe the concept whereby a loaded eccentric contraction prepares the muscles for a rapid concentric contraction?

A

Stretch-shortening cycle

24
Q

What is a key mechanism involved in internal feedback?

A

Proprioception

25
Q

What is the anatomical term that describes something positioned on the opposite side of the body?

A

Contralateral

26
Q

Movements that take place within a joint and are not visible to the human eye may be classified in what way?

A

Arthrokinematic

27
Q

What is the concept used to describe the action of muscles that have the ability to contract automatically in anticipation of movement?

A

Feed-forward

28
Q

During a squat, the lowering phase would be described as what type of muscle action?

A

Eccentric

29
Q

Which muscle functions as part of the global muscular system?

A

Erector spinae

30
Q

Which of the following solutions would allow an individual to achieve a greater depth during the lowering phase of the squat if ankle stiffness is the cause?

A

Place a small board under the heels

31
Q

Which plane of movement can be described as an imaginary line that bisects the body into right and left sides?

A

Sagittal

32
Q

Which of the following muscle groups work eccentrically in the sagittal plane during the lowering phase of the squat?

A

Quadriceps

33
Q

The posterior oblique system includes which of the following muscle groups?

A

Thoracolumbar fascia and contralateral gluteus maximus

34
Q

During a squat, which muscle group isometrically contracts to prevent unnecessary thigh movement in the frontal plane?

A

Hip abductors

35
Q

What measurement is dependent upon the length of the lever arm and the angle between the force application and the lever arm?

A

Torque

36
Q

Which type of exercise accommodates effort whereby the harder the individual pushes or pulls, the more resistance they feel, despite the movement speed remaining constant?

A

Isokinetic

37
Q

Overactive hip flexors may lead to which of the following postural compensations?

A

Anterior tilting of the pelvis and an increased low-back arch

38
Q

Which muscle functions in a feed-forward mechanism in anticipation of limb movements?

A

Multifidus

39
Q

Movement represents the integrated functioning of which three main body systems?

A

Muscular, nervous, and skeletal

40
Q

In what plane of movement do shoulder horizontal adduction and abduction occur?

A

Transverse

41
Q

Stored energy from an efficiently functioning stretch-shortening cycle is released during which muscle action?

A

Eccentric

42
Q

Which of the following force couples is accurately linked to the movement created by their combined action?

A

Internal and external obliques functioning to create trunk rotation

43
Q

What is the anatomical term that describes something positioned above an identified reference point?

A

Superior

44
Q

What type of muscle action would expend the highest amount of energy at a fixed resistance level over a comparable duration?

A

Concentric

45
Q

The upper trapezius works with what muscle as a force couple to create upward rotation of the scapula?

A

Serratus anterior

46
Q

Improved performance during a plyometric jump is dependent upon which of the following?

A

Rapid amortization phase

47
Q

The anterior oblique subsystem includes which of the following muscle groups?

A

Adductor (inner) thigh muscles, obliques, and hip external rotators

48
Q

The deep longitudinal subsystem includes which of the following muscle groups?

A

Hamstrings and erector spinae

49
Q

What type of lever could be described as having a fulcrum in the middle like a seesaw?

A

First class

50
Q

Pronation of the foot describes what multiplanar movements?

A

Eversion, dorsiflexion, and ankle abduction

51
Q

What is the anatomical term that describes something positioned above an identified reference point?

A

Superior

CPT (23 decks)

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