Chapter 16 Flashcards
What is the primary function of the local muscles of the core?
Stabilize vertebral segments
What is an appropriate cue that can be given to a client to properly perform the drawing-in maneuver?
To perform the drawing-in maneuver, pull in the region just below the navel toward the spine.
Individuals with low-back pain have decreased activation of which local muscle of the core?
Multifidus
Which type of scoliosis is influenced by improper muscle balance?
Functional (nonstructural) scoliosis
The core is defined by the muscles in which region of the body?
Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex region
Which type of muscle contraction/action produced force through muscle fiber shortening?
Concentric action
Proper extensibility of which of these global core muscles is important or prior to performing the medicine ball pullover throw?
Latissimus dorsi
Which regions of the spine demonstrate lordotic curves?
Cervical and lumbar
Local muscles typically consist of which type of muscle fibers?
Type I
Which of the following is considered a superficial muscle of the core?
Erector spinae
Which regions of the spine demonstrate kyphotic curves?
Thoracic and sacral
Which of the following is an example of an exercise that targets the local muscles of the core?
Side plank
Which of the following should be emphasized the most in a core training program
Quality of movement
Which term best describes core training effect on decreasing the incidence of new injuries?
Injury resistance
How should the back be positioned when performing a bird dog exercise?
In a neutral position
Which type of training can be used to improve activation of core muscles compared to traditional core training?
Instability training using a stability ball
What is the primary action of the multifidus?
Stabilize and extend the soune
Which of the following is an example of an exercise modality to enrich the proprioceptive nature of an exercise?
Wobble board
Proper extensibility of which of these global core muscles is important prior to performing the medicine ball pullover throw?
Latissimus dorsi
Which muscle is classified as a local muscle involved in stabilizing the spine?
Multifidus
If forward head posture is permitted during the drawing-in maneuver, what muscle may be preferentially activated, leading to poor muscle balance throughout the spine?
Sternocleidomastoid
For the kinetic chain checkpoints during core exercises, what is the appropriate position of the shoulders?
Depressed and slightly retracted
What is the primary function of the global muscles of the core?
Force production during dynamic whole-body movements
Which of the following is an example of an exercise that targets development of the rate of force production (power) of the core?
Medicine ball woodchop throw
When properly activated, which muscle of the core creates tension in the thoracolumbar fascia?
Transverse abdominis
Contractor of the erector spinae and hip flexor muscles creates what motion of the pelvis in the Sagittarius plane?
Anterior pelvic tilt
The ability of an individual to maintain proper spinal and hip posture while the extremities are moving most accurately describes which term?
Core stability
Which of the following would be the appropriate progression for a core training program to optimize function?
Intervertebral stability, lumbopelvic stability, movement efficiency
Excessive anterior pelvic tilt would lead to this posture of the lumbar spine.
Increased lordosis
Which client position during exercise has been shown to lead to the highest core muscle activity during breathing exercises?
Standing
Which hip muscle helps maintain a level pelvis in the frontal plane?
Gluteus medius
Contraction of the hamstring and rectus abdominis muscles create what motion of the pelvis in the sagittal plane?
Anterior pelvic tilt
When performing a floor bridge exercise, why should you not raise the hips too far off the floor?
It may place excessive stress on the lumbar spine through hyperextension.
Which of the following describes structural scoliosis?
Altered bone shape through the spine
Posture of the spine is primarily controlled by which muscles of the core?
Local muscles
What is the superior boundary of the core?
Diaphragm
Which of the following is characterized as a local muscle of the core?
Transverse abdominis
Which of the following is considered a deep muscle of the core?
Rotatores
What is the definition of kinesiophobia?
Fear of movement
Which term best describes the ability to contract muscles of the core with force in an effort to flex the trunk during a slow controlled movement?
Core strength
During the cable rotation exercise, which position of the hip will help to decrease stress to the low-back?
Hip extension
Which exercise primarily targets the transverse abdominis?
Drawing-in maneuver
Which of the following is an example of an exercise that targets the global muscles of the core?
Back extension
The drawing-in maneuver increases activation of what muscle?
Transverse abdominis
Which of the following global muscles’ primary action is hip flexion?
Iliopsoas
Which muscle acts to increase intra-abdominal pressure?
Transverse abdominis
Which of the following is characterized as a global muscle of the core on the posterior aspect of the body?
erector spinae
What term is used to describe combined muscle contraction (co-contraction) of the global muscles of the core?
Bracing
