Chapter 3 Flashcards
Adjusting daily priorities is a strategy to overcome which of the following barriers?
Lack of time
The intensity and direction of someone’s effort describes which of the following?
Motivation
Which source of social support has been shown to be particularly important for older adults?
Family
The impact that family members, peers, or coworkers have over someone’s decision to exercise described which of the following terms?
Group influence
A long term client has recently indicated that she wants to start training for a fitness competition and due, to her competitive nature, she indicated that she wants to win. Which type of motivations is driving her?
Extrinsic motivation
The social standing of a person or group that includes education, income, and occupation describes which term?
Socioeconomic status
Which type of motivation would be characterized by a client who enjoys the process of becoming more fit?
Intrinsic motivation
Loaning some exercise bands to a client who is scheduled to go on vacation is an example of which type of social support?
Instrumental support
A new client has indicated that they are exercising due to advice from their physician, but they are generally amotivated. What would be the best choice for the personal trainer in their initial meeting?
Inquire further about what their motives are for participating.
A new client is having trouble managing her busy schedule and has cancelled her last 3 personal training sessions. What is the best option for the fitness professional?
Help the client determine her barriers, and talk through strategies to overcome them.
When it comes to barriers to exercise, which statement is correct?
Barriers to exercise are often cited by people who are sedentary or infrequently active.
A known relationship between sleep and exercise is demonstrated by which statement?
Increasing physical activity to at least 150 minutes per week at a moderate intensity can decrease symptoms of insomnia.
The role of psychology in fitness and wellness is strongly rooted in which area?
Behavioral change
Long-term exercise adherence is associated with which type of motivation?
Intrinsic motivation
Which of the following reasons for group exercise participation is described as having a schedule and being able to anticipate what the exercise experience will be like?
Consistency
Which type of professionals are qualified to counsel individuals who are diagnosed with depression, using exercise as a supplemental treatment?
Psychologist or psychiatrist
Social physique anxiety is more prevalent in which population?
Females
When family members are not supportive of exercise-related behaviors, it can be viewed as which of the following?
A barrier to exercise
Changing leadership style based on the size of a group would be an example of which component of leadership?
Situational factors
Research has demonstrated that moderate-intensity exercise is best for which of the following?
Providing psychological benefits
An important aspect of an established exercise group includes which of the following?
The group feels distinct from other people.
Not having someone to exercise with would be an example of which type of barrier?
Lack of social support
If a new client indicates that they are frustrated with their lack of expected results, which barrier are they likely experiencing?
Unrealistic goals
Self-esteem is defined by which of the following?
How someone evaluates their own self-worth physically, emotionally, and socially
Which barrier is most often cited as a top barrier among most individuals?
Lack of time
At the beginning of an exercise session, a client has shared that they are in a bad mood and would rather skip the session. Which of the following observations should the fitness professional share with the client?
Exercise is known to improve mood, even with bouts as short as 10 minutes, so exercise is a good remedy.
Extrinsic motivation is characterized by which of the following?
Participating in an activity or behavior for some type of reward or recognition from others
Which term best describes when someone has mixed feelings about exercise and can see both the pros and cons of participating?
ambivalence
In a group exercise setting within a fitness facility, which person should greet all members, make everyone feel welcome, and ensure that participants have the right equipment and attire to participate safely?
exercise leader
Changing leadership style based on the size of a group would be an example of which component of leadership?
Situational factors
Social support is best described by which statement?
The intentional things that people do to assist others to achieve a specific behavior
Which scenario best demonstrates companionship support?
Coordinating group events that are centered around physical activities
Which subtopic of psychology deals with how the environment affects exercise behavior?
Sport and exercise psychology
The field of psychology focuses on which of the following domains?
The mind and behavior
Which type of support describes the actions that a person takes to help another person engage in exercise?
Instrumental support
Having poor body image is most likely to be associated with which of the following?
Low self-esteem
Having an informal role in an exercise group is demonstrated by which example?
Planning social gatherings for the group
Which of the following is true about body image?
Body image may not match reality, and people may view their bodies in a negative way and evaluate themselves inaccurately.
A client who has been training for 6 months has recently moved farther from the fitness facility. Which barrier should she be preparing to overcome?
Convenience
A community could influence physical activity for its inhabitants by doing which of the following?
Creating more green spaces, playgrounds, and walking trails
A benefit of being part of an exercise group includes comradery, which is described by which of the following statements?
Participants are forming connections with people who are attempting to achieve similar results, while experiencing feelings of friendship, closeness, and loyalty.
Self-esteem and body image are said to have which type of relationship?
Reciprocal
The number of sidewalks available in a community is an example of which of the following?
The built environment
An area of science that focuses on people, and in particular, how the mind and feelings may influence behaviors.
psychology
the level of commitment to a behavior or plan of action
adherence
describes when someone is not motivated to engage in an activity or behavior
amotivation
when someone participates in an activity or behavior for some type of reward or recognition from others
extrinsic motivation
intrinsic motivatioin
When people engage in an activity or behavior because they feel a sense of satisfaction.
What is one of the most important things about psychology and its relationship with fitness and wellness?
The role it plays in the behavioral change process
Generally speaking, what does psychology influence regarding fitness and wellness on any given day?
The decision to be physically active or not
goals focused on the end result
outcome goals
refers to the process of goal pursuit
process goals
The intentional ways that people assist others in achieving a specific behavior.
Social support
A specific form of anxiety that occurs in individuals who perceive that others could be negatively evaluating their physique.
Social physique anxiety
Describes a person’s state of mixed feelings about a situation
Ambivalence
Which of the following is a top barrier to exercise, evident among adults of all ages?
Lack of time
What trap do new exercisers often fall into?
Setting goals that are unrealistic
Instrumental support
The actions that directly facilitate a behavior to happen. In the context of exercise, instrumental support can include driving a person to a health club or paying for the gym membership.
Emotional support
The encouragement and positive reinforcement that is provided from an individual to another, which includes being caring, empathetic, and showing concern.
Providing accurate, current, and informative information.
informational support
What does the term companionship support refer to?
Engaging in a behavior with another individual
What does the term mood refer to?
How someone feels over the long term
When it comes to exercise, older adults find which of the following to be the most motivating?
Health and well-being
Which type of support is the most common provided by a fitness professional?
Informational support
Which leadership component refers to the leader being a great example for how to live a healthy and balanced life, which includes being optimistic, empathetic, and knowledgeable?
Leader’s qualities
Which source of social support for exercise is the most influential for children and adolescents?
parents
Which statement best demonstrates empathy?
I know that finding time to exercise is hard. I struggle to get it done sometimes as well.
When a client indicates that she finds it difficult to complete a workout on her own, she is likely in need of which type of support?
Companionship support
Social physique anxiety is best defined by which statement?
When someone feels insecure about how they think others are viewing their body
Ambivalent people may be reluctant to start an exercise program. What should the fitness professional focus on when helping a potential client overcome this barrier?
Probe further to determine other barriers they are experiencing and possible motives to participate.
Informational support would be provided by which example?
Teaching a client how many minutes of cardio they should be accumulating each day
Unrealistic goals can become a barrier when which of the following happens?
When goals are not adjusted
Providing encouragement and being empathetic is an example of which type of social support?
Emotional support
If a client is using social media to find inspiration, information, or support for their fitness endeavors, it would be an example of which social construct?
social influence
A client who has been training consistently for over a year has indicated that he wants to find more efficient ways to exercise at home. Which type of social support does he need?
Informational support
