Chapter 6 Terms: Immune and Lymphatic System Flashcards
anti-
against
carcin/o
cancerous
immun/o
immune, protection, safe
lymph/o
lymph, lymphatic tissue
lymphaden/o
lymph node or gland
lymphangi/o
lymph vessel
neo-
new, strange
-oma
tumor, neoplasm
onc/o
tumor
phag/o
to eat or swallow
-plasm
formative material of cells
sarc/o
flesh, connective tissue
splen/o
spleen
-tic
pertaining to
tox/o
poison, poisonous
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
AIDS, most advanced and fatal stage of HIV infection.
allergen
substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual
anaphylaxis
systemic reaction, severe response in which symptoms develop quickly can be deadly without swift medical assistance.
antibodies
disease fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen.
antibiotics
medication capable of inhibiting or slowing growth or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms. NOT VIRUSES.
antifungal
agent that destroys or inhibits growth of fungal infection.
antigen
any substance that the body regards as being foreign. This includes viruses, bacteria, toxins and transplanted tissue.
antibody - antigen reaction
also known as immune reaction, reaction labels potentially dangerous antigen so it can be recognized and destroyed by other cells in immune response.
autoimmune disorder
large group of diseases characterized by condition in which immune system produces antibodies against its own tissues, mistaking healthy tissue and cells for antigens.
bacilli
rod shaped, spore forming bacteria
bacteria
one celled microscopic organisms. Most are not harmful to humans
benign
non life threatening, but can cause damage as it grows and place pressure on nearby structures.
candidiasis
.
carcinoma
malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue ( protective covering for all the internal and external surfaces of the body ) Tend to infiltrate and produceG metastases.
carcinoma in situ
malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded surrounding tissue.
complement system
group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form. When needed these cells complement the ability of antibodies to ward off pathogens by combining with them to dissolve and remove pathogenic bacteria.
cytokines
group of proteins such as interferons and interleukins released primarily by Tcells. Intercellular signals to begin the immune response.
cytomegalovirus
found in most body fluids. present typically as a silent infection - no signs or symptoms of infection. Can cause infection in individuals with weakened immune system, or when transmitted from mother to child.
cytotoxic drug
medication that kills or damages cells. Used as immunosuppressants or as antineoplastics ( neoplast : tumor )
ductal carcinoma in situ
DICS, breast cancer at its earliest stages before cancer has broken through wall of milk duct. 100% curable.
hemolytic
function of spleen in destroying worn out RBC and releasing hemoglobin for reuse.
herpes zoster
shingles. Acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow inflamed nerve route. Inflammation occurs when dormant chickenpox virus is reactivated.
Vaccine available.
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
cancer of immune system distinguished by presence of large, cancerous lymphocytes known as reed-sternberg cells. Spread of cells compromises ability to fight infection.
human immunodeficiency virus
HIV. Blood borne infection in which virus damages or kills Tcells. This causes progressive failure of immune system leaving it at risk for opportunistic infections.
immunoglobulins
bind with specific antigens, secreted by plasma cells known as antibodies.
immunosuppressant
substance that prevents or reduces body’s normal immune response. Used as rejection of donor tissue to depress autoimmune disorder.
immunotherapy
biological therapy is a disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response. stimulate- cancer
repress- allergic response
infectious mononucleosis
Mono caused by Epstein-barr virus. Fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes. Swelling of spleen or liver involvement can develop.
infiltrating ductal carcinoma
starts in the milk duct and invades the fatty breast tissue outside the duct. Most common form.
interferons
produced in response to the presence of antigens, particularly viruses or tumor cells. Activate the immune system, fight viruses by slowing multiplication and signal other cells to increase defenses.
lymphadenopathy
disease process affecting lymph node/s
lymphangioma
benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels due to a congenital malformation of lymphatic system.
lymphedema h
swelling of tissues due to abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within tissue.
lymphocytes
leukocytes that are formed in bone marrow as stem cells. Work together with the body’s organ to defend against antigens.
lymphoma
general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues.
lymphoscintigraphy
diagnostic test preformed to detect damage or malformations of lymphatic vessels. Radioactive substance injected into lymph ducts and movement followed.
macrophage
type of leukocytes that surround and kill invading cells. Remove dead cells and stimulate action of other immune cells.
malaria
parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes that is transferred to human with bite.
malignant
becoming progressively worse or life threatening.
mammography
radiographic examination of the breasts to detect presence of tumors or precancerous cells.
metastasis
process by which cancer spreads to new site. Term can also be used to describe tumor itself.
metastasize
means to spread from one place to another. often through circulatory or lymphatic system.
myoma
benign tumor made up of muscle tissue.
myosarcoma
malignant tumor from muscle tissue.
non-Hodgkins lymphoma
more common. all other lymphomas other that Hodgkins. some slow and some fast in progression.
opportunistic infection
is caused by pathogen that does not normally produce illness in healthy humans. However when host is weakened able to cause infection.
osteosarcoma
hard tissue sarcoma that usually involves the upper shaft of long bone, pelvis or knee.
parasite
plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at expense of that organism.
rabies
acute viral infection transmitted to humans from bite or saliva of infected animal. Once symptoms develop rabies is nearly always fatal.
rickettsia
small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas and ticks, mites. Rocky mountain spotted fever.
rubella
german measles, or three day measles. viral infection with low grade fever, inflamed eyes and pink rash. Serious during pregnancy causes defects.
sarcoma
malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues. Hard, soft, and liquid connective tissues.
spirochetes
long, slender, spiral shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement.
splenomegaly
abnormal enlargement of spleen. from bleeding, infectious, abnormal function
staphylococci
bacteria that form clusters/groups. typically harmless and reside on skin and mucous membranes .
streptococci
bacteria that form chain. cause strep, meningitis and nec fas.
systemic reaction
reaction that affects number of organs and tissues. Affects body as a whole.
teletherapy
provide therapy through internet.
toxoplasmosis
parasite commonly transmitted from pets to humans through feces. Risk to pregnant mothers
varicella
chickenpox. highly contagious. Fever and rash with fluid filled blisters that form crusts.
