Chapter 12 Terms: Integumentary System Flashcards
cutane/o
skin
derm/o
skin
hidr/o
sweat
hirsut/o
hairy, rough
kerat/o
horny , hard
lip/o
fat, lipid
melan/o
black, dark
onych/o
fingernail or toenail
pil/i
hair
py/o
pus
rhytid/o
wrinkle
seb/o
sebum
urtic/o
rash, hives
xer/o
dry
actinic keratosis
solar keratosis. precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun damaged skin. Often looks like a red, tan or pink scaly patch that feels like sandpaper.
albinism
genetic condition characterized by deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin, hair and irises of the eyes. This condition is the result of a missing enzyme that is necessary for the production of melanin.
alopecia
baldness. Partial or complete loss of hair, most commonly on the scalp.
blepharoplasty
lid lift, surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids by removing sagging skin.
bulla
large blister that is usually more than 0.5cm in diameter.
capillary hemangioma
strawberry birthmark. Benign tissue mass. Soft, raised pink or red vascular birthmark.
carbuncie
cluster of connected furuncles (boils)
cellulitis
acute, rapidly spreading bacterial infection within the connective tissues. Characterized by swelling, warmth and red streaks.
chloasma
melasma or mask or pregnancy is a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face. Can occur during pregnancy especially among women with dark hair and fair skin.
cicatrix
normal scar resulting from the healing of a wound
comedo
noninfected lesion formed by the buildup of sebum and keratin in the hair follicle often associated with acne vulgaris. Comedo with an obstructed opening - whitehead. Sebum plug exposed and oxidized - blackhead
debridement
removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound to prevent infection and to promote healing.
dermatitis
inflammation of the skin. Condition which takes many forms, characterized by redness, swelling and itching.
diaphoresis
profuse sweating. Normal condition when brought on by heat or exertion but can also be the bod’s response to emotional or physical distress.
dysplastic nevi
atypical moles that can develop into skin cancer
ecchymosis
bruise, large irregular area of purple discoloration due to bleeding under the skin.
eczema
atopic dermatitis. Form of persistent or recurring dermatitis usually characterized by redness, itching and dryness with possible blistering, cracking, or bleeding. This chronic condition is a malfunction of the body’s immune system.
erythema
redness of the skin due to capillary dilation.
erythroderma
abnormal redness of the entire skin surface.
exanthem
widespread rash, usually in children. Rash is a breaking out or eruption that changes the color or texture of the skin.
exfoliative dermatitis
condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin. Often accompanied by itching, redness and hair loss. It may occur in severe cases of many common skin conditions.
folliculitis
inflammation of the hair follicles. Especially common on arms, legs and bread.
furuncles
boils. Large, tender swollen areas caused by staph infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands.
granuloma
general term used to describe small, knot like swelling of granulation tissue in the epidermis. Can result from inflammation, injury or infection.
hematoma
swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues. Body eventually reabsorbs this blood.
hirsutism
presence of excessive body and facial hair in women, usually occuring in the male pattern. Hereditary or caused by hormonal imbalance
ichthyosis
hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened and scaly skin. caused by slowing of skins natural shedding or rapid increase in production of skin cells.
impetigo
highly contagious bacterial skin infection that commonly occurs in children. Isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture.
keloid
abnormally raised or thickened scar that expands beyond the boundaries of the original incision.
kerratosis
any skin growth such as wart of callus in which there is overgrowth and thickening of the skin.
koilonychia
spoon nail, malformation of the nails in which the outer surface is concave and scooped out like the bowl of spoon. Indication of iron deficiency anemia.
lipedema
painful fat syndrome. Chronic abnormal condition that is characterized by accumulation of fat and fluid in tissues just under the skin of the hips and legs.
lipoma
benign, slow growing fatty tumor located between the skin and muscle layer.
macule
discolored flat spot that is less than 1cm in diameter for example freckles or flat moles.
malignant melanoma
skin cancer that occurs in the melanocytes. Most serious type of skin cancers and often the first signs are changes in size, shape, or color of mole.
necrotizing fasciitis
severe infection caused by group A strep bacteria leading to tissue death.
onychocryptosis
ingrown toenail. The edges of a toenail usually on the big toe, curve inward and cut into the skin.
onychomycosis
fungal infection of the nail. Depending on the type of fungus involved, this condition can cause the nails to turn white, yellow or green.
papilloma
benign, wart like growth on the epithelial tissue or elsewhere in the body, such as bladder.
papule
small, raised red lesion that is less than 0.5cm in diameter and does not contain pus. Examples include small insect bites or pimples.
paronychia
acute or chronic infection of the skin fold around a nail.
pediculosis
infestation with lice. In order to get rid of lice eggs (nits) must be destroyed.
petechiae
very small, pinpoint hemorrhages that are less than 2mm in diameter. Can result from high fevers.
pruritus
itching. Associated with most forms of dermatitis.
psoriasis
common skin disorder characterized by flare-ups in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knee, scalp, back, buttocks.
purpura
appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin.
purulent
means producing or containing pus.
rhytidectomy
facelift. Surgical removal of excess skin and fat from face to eliminate wrinkles.
rosecea
adult acne. characterized by tiny red pimples and broken blood vessels. Develops in people with fair skin.
scabies
skin infection caused by an infestation of itch mites. Tiny mites cause small itchy bumps and blisters by burrowing into the top later of human skin to lay eggs.
scleroderma
autoimmune disorder in which the connective tissues become thickened and hardened causing the skin to become hard and swollen. Also will affect joins and internal organs.
squamous cell carcinoma
originates as a malignant tumor of the scaly squamous cells of the epithelium. Quickly can spread to other body systems. Begin as skin lesions, sore like that will not heal and have crusted look.
systemic lupus erthematosus
Lupus. Autoimmune disorder characterized by scaly rash on the face and upper trunk. In addition tp the skin, this condition also attacks the connective tissue in other body systems, especially joints.
tinea
fungal infection that can grow on the skin, hair or nails. Also known as ringworm. No worm just spreads out in worm like circle.
urticaria
hives. Itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction
verrucae
warts, small hard skin lesions caused by HPV.
vitiligo
skin condition resulting from destruction of melanocytes dye to unknown cases. Causes white skin due to depigmentation.
wheal
welt, small bump that itches. Can appear as hives as a symptom of an allergic reaction.
xeroderma
excessively dry skin, also xerosis.
