Chapter 13 Quiz: Endocrine System Flashcards
diabetes insipidus
condition caused by insufficient production of antidiuretic hormone or inability for kidneys to respond to this hormone
puberty
condition of first being capable of reproducing sexually
gestational diabetes mellitus
diabetes form that occurs during some pregnancies
cushing’s syndrome
prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol
melanocyte-stimulating hormone
increases pigmentation of the skin
lobectomy
surgical removal of one lobe of the thyroid gland
parathyroid
4 glands about the size of a grain of rice
gigantism
abnormal overgrowth of the entire body caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone before puberty
pituitary gland
hormones that control the functions of other endocrine glands are secreted here
estrogen
regulates the menstrual cycle
follicle-stimulating hormone
stimulates the growth of ova
luteinizing hormone
stimulates ovulation in female
oxytocin
stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth
progesterone
prepares the uterus for possible pregnancy
testosterone
hormone stimulates the development of the secondary male sex characteristics
thymosin
thymus secretes this hormone which plays an important role in the immune system
thyroid secretions
influence growth and the functioning of the nervous system
Type 1 Diabetes mellitus
autoimmune insulin deficiency disorder caused by the destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells
adrenal glands
help regulate metabolism and interact with the sympathetic nervous system in response to stress
calcitonin
hormone works with the parathyroid hormone to regulate the calcium levels in the blood and tissues
electrolytes
substances that are normally found in the blood such as sodium and potassium
thymus
secretes thymosin that helps develop the bodys immune system, function reduced after puberty and slowly turns into fatty tissue
chemical thyroidectomy
some cases of graves disease are treated using this method to destroy tissue of the thyroid gland
pituitarism
used to describe any disorder of pituitary function
pineal
gland secretes the hormone melatonin
pituitary adenoma
slow growing benign tumor of the pituitary gland
Conn’s syndrome
disorder of the adrenal glands due to excessive production of aldosterone
insulin
hormone stimulates the conversion of excess glucose to glycogen for storage
Hypocalcemia
abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood.
norepinephrine
secreted by the adrenal medulla stimulates the sympathetic nervous system