Chapter 6 Terms

Question 1

Supreme Court case that established the right of judicial review

Answer 1

Marbury v. Madison

Question 2

Branch of government that makes the laws

Answer 2

Legislative branch

Question 3

First ten amendments of the Constitution

Answer 3

Bill of Rights

Question 4

Division of power between the nation and state levels of government

Answer 4

Federalism

Question 5

The idea that people are the ultimate source of government’s power

Answer 5

Popular Sovereignty

Question 6

Constitutional clause giving lawmakers great leeway in making laws, giving the Constitution the ability to grow

Answer 6

“Necessary and proper clause”

Question 7

The minimum number of members needs to transact business in the House in the Senate

Answer 7

Quorum

Question 8

The formal introduction of a constitutional amendment

Answer 8

Proposal

Question 9

The formal approval process of a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty

Answer 9

Ratification

Question 10

The principle of separating powers among different branches of government and that any interpretation should be kept to a minimum

Answer 10

Separation of powers

Question 11

Another name for the necessary and proper clause.

Answer 11

Elastic clause

Question 12

Those who believe that the text of the Constitution is important and that any interpretation should be kept to a minimum.

Answer 12

Strict constructionists

Question 13

The president’s power to refuse to sign a bill in to law

Answer 13

Veto

Question 14

A court order that forces authorities to quickly charge and try an arrested person or else release him

Answer 14

Writ of habeas corpus

Question 15

A legislative branch divided into two separate houses

Answer 15

Bicameral

Question 16

Money deposited to guarantee a court appearance; allows the accused freedom while awaiting trial

Answer 16

Bail

Question 17

A bill permitting punishment without trial

Answer 17

Bill of attainder

Question 18

Supreme Court case expanded the Third and Fourth Amendments to imply a right to privacy as one of American citizens’ fundamental rights

Answer 18

Griswold v. Connecticut

Question 19

Those who take a broader and sometimes more creative approach to constitutional interpretation

Answer 19

Broad constructionists

Question 20

The principle of keeping each branch of government in check through the power of another branch of government with the goal of hindering the concentration of power and this protecting personal liberty

Answer 20

Check and balances

Question 21

A principle that limits government to not those powers granted by law

Answer 21

Limited government

Question 22

Occurs when one branch of government purposely brings the political to a halt

Answer 22

Gridlock

Question 23

When the Houses power to file criminal charges against the president or any other government officials and the Senate acts as the trial court

Answer 23

Impeachment

Question 24

Honorary position given to the most senior member of the Senate’s majority party; he presides over the Senate when the Vice President is not there

Answer 24

President pro tempore

Question 25

The process by which a foreign born person gains citizenship

Answer 25

Naturalization

Question 26

Published false statements that damage reputation of character

Answer 26

Libel

Question 27

The power of the judicial branch of the government to examine any government action and to nullify it if it is not in agreement with the courts constitutional interpretation

Answer 27

Judicial review

Question 28

Laws passed and applied to actions that were not criminal when they were committed; laws that impose harsher punishments

Answer 28

Ex post facto law

Question 29

The privilege enabling members of Congress to send official mail free of charge

Answer 29

Franking privilege

Question 30

Official government count of the United States citizens taken every ten years and used to determine the number of representatives for each state

Answer 30

Census

Question 31

The automatic veto of a bill if the president leaves it unsigned for ten days during a congressional adjournment

Answer 31

Pocket veto

Question 32

The modern militia

Answer 32

The National Guard

Question 33

Responsible to bring in members of both houses who are absent and needed to make up a quorum

Answer 33

Sergeant at arms

Question 34

Outlines the purposes for the government and helps justify the closer union between the states

Answer 34

Preamble

Question 35

Branch that views the constitutionality of laws that are passed

Answer 35

Judicial branch

Question 36

Journal or record kept by each house of what it does each day

Answer 36

The Congressional Record

Question 37

More formal means of adapting the Constitution to change

Answer 37

Amendment process

Question 38

Each voter had to pay a tax to vote

Answer 38

Poll tax

Question 39

Grants of money allocated by Congress to finance government programs

Answer 39

Appropriations

Question 40

Branch of government whose primary function is to carry out the nations laws

Answer 40

Executive branch

Question 41

The system used to elect the U.S. president; each state has a number of electors equal to the state's representation

Answer 41

Electoral college

Question 42

The presidential power a person a temporary postponement of punishment

Answer 42

Reprieve

Question 43

The president's power to give complete forgiveness of a crime and its consequent punishment thereby releasing someone from the remainder of their sentence

Answer 43

Pardon

Question 44

A court's power to hear a case before it is considered by any other court

Answer 44

Original jurisdiction

Question 45

A court's power to decide appeals

Answer 45

Appellate jurisdiction

Question 46

Legal process of returning a fugitive to the state in which they had been charged with a crime

Answer 46

Extradition

Question 47

Constitutional clause that upholds the United States Constitution as the Supreme law of the nation

Answer 47

Supremacy Clause

Question 48

False verbally communicated statements which damage one's reputation or character

Answer 48

Slander

Question 49

A portion of a statute that provides that the law is not applicable in certain circumstances due to preexisting facts

Answer 49

Grandfather clause

Question 50

The right to vote; also known as a franchise

Answer 50

Suffrage

Question 51

The redrawing of district boundaries to favor a particular party of group of people

Answer 51

Gerrymandering

Question 52

Forbidding the manufacture, sale, or transportation of liquor

Answer 52

Prohibition

Question 53

An elected official who is still in office, but has not been reelected; often refers to a president who has lost an election or cannot stand for reelection and must serve out the remainder of their term

Answer 53

Lame duck

Question 54

A jury consisting of citizens who consider the prosecution's case against the accused and decide whether to issue an indictment

Answer 54

Grand jury

Question 55

A document requiring a person to appear as a witness before a court or congressional hearing

Answer 55

Subpoena

Question 56

Certain legal procedures by which the government must abide in order to protect the rights of the accused

Answer 56

Due process