Chapter 12 Terms

Question 1

Amendment that created income taxes

Answer 1

Sixteenth Amendment

Question 2

Tax on imports

Answer 2

duty

Question 3

Kind of money that has value only because the national government says it does

Answer 3

fiat

Question 4

Tax on the sale of goods produced within the United States

Answer 4

excise tax

Question 5

Government compensation programs that Congress has protected by law

Answer 5

entitlements

Question 6

Document that requires a person to testify before congressional committee

Answer 6

subpoena

Question 7

Constitutional powers are not withheld from the states, but are withheld from the national government

Answer 7

reserved powers

Question 8

The formal approval process of a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty

Answer 8

ratification

Question 9

Retaliation by one nation against another when provoked

Answer 9

reprisal

Question 10

Big spending projects that are designed to help a member of Congress be reelected

Answer 10

pork-barrel

Question 11

Federal law intended to check the president’s power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of the U.S. Congress

Answer 11

War Powers Act

Question 12

The House’s power to file criminal charges against the president or any government officials; the Senate acts as a trial of court for impeachment cases

Answer 12

impeachment

Question 13

National government powers derived from the powers expressly given by the Constitution

Answer 13

implied powers

Question 14

Legislation that provided for a chief justice and five associate judges, three circuit courts where two Supreme Court justices served with one district court judge and thirteen federal district courts with one judge each

Answer 14

Judiciary Act of 1789

Question 15

Business transactions between states

Answer 15

interstate commerce

Question 16

The practice in Congress of one member supporting a colleague’s spending project in return for support his or her own pork-barrel project

Answer 16

logrolling

Question 17

Senate proceeding some government appointees have to go through to be approved for their position

Answer 17

confirmation

Question 18

A license granted by a nation to a private citizen to capture a merchant ship of another nation

Answer 18

letter of marque

Question 19

Belonging to and enjoying all the privileges, rights, and responsibilities provided by a nation

Answer 19

citizenship

Question 20

A financial status declared when a debtor is unable to meet his financial obligations and allows a judge to supervise his fiances

Answer 20

bankruptcy

Question 21

Also called express powers, government powers specifically listed in the Constitution

Answer 21

enumerated powers

Question 22

This power is perhaps the single greatest authority given to our national government

Answer 22

“war power”

Question 23

Power to tax, raising duties, imposts and excises, raise income tax, coin and print money, and creating a national bank and Federal reserve system

Answer 23

Financial powers of Congress