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Biology 006 > Chapter 6: Cell Biology 09/14/2023 > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Cell Biology 09/14/2023 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two types of cells?

A

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic

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2
Q

What is considered a prokaryotic cell?

A

Bacteria and archaea

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3
Q

What consists of eukaryotic cells?

A

Protists, fungi, animals, and plants

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4
Q

What are characteristics of prokaryotic cells?

A

Small, simple, and no nucleus

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5
Q

What are characteristics of eukaryotic cells?

A

Large, complex, and has a nucleus

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6
Q

What are characteristics that all cells have?

A

Plasma membranes, cytosol, chromosomes, and ribosomes

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7
Q

What is the plasma membrane?

A

A selective barrier that allows the passage of oxygen, nutrients, and waste to allow volume in every cell

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8
Q

What does the nucleus contain in the eukaryotic cell?

A

DNA

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9
Q

What do ribosomes do?

A

Use information from the DNA to make proteins

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10
Q

What is the nuclear envelope?

A

Closes the nucleus and separates from the cytoplasm

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11
Q

How is DNA organized?

A

In the nucleus in small units as chromosomes

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12
Q

What is chromatin?

A

DNA and chromosomes together

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13
Q

What is the nucleolus?

A

Located in the nucleus and where rRNA takes place by ribosomes

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14
Q

What does the endomembrane system consist of?

A

Nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane

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15
Q

What is the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

More than half of the total membrane in eukaryotic cells

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16
Q

What is the rough ER?

A

Transports protein but lacks ribosomes

17
Q

What is the smooth ER?

A

Transports and produces lipids and helps detox drugs/medication

18
Q

What is the Golgi apparatus?

A

Connects smooth and rough ER and sorts materials to vesicles

19
Q

What are lysosomes?

A

Break up foreign materials and disposes of them

20
Q

What is phagocytosis?

A

The process where some cells can eat other cells

21
Q

What are vacuoles?

A

Large vesicles that come from the ER and Golgi apparatus

22
Q

What and how do food vacuoles form?

A

Form by phagocytosis when cells eat other cells

23
Q

What is the mitochondria?

A

Produced ATP in eukaryotic cells and allows cellular respiration

24
Q

What are chloroplasts?

A

The area where photosynthesis takes place and is found in plants and algae

25
Q

What is the cristae?

A

The inner folds of a mitochondria

26
Q

What is the cytoskeleton?

A

The network of fibers that extend to cytoplasm and covers the cell

Biology 006 (24 decks)

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