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Biology 006 > Chapter 4: Organic Molecules 09/07/2023 > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Organic Molecules 09/07/2023 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are most living organisms composed of?

A

Carbon compounds

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2
Q

What is organic chemistry?

A

The study of compounds that contain carbon

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3
Q

What are hydrocarbons?

A

Organic molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen

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4
Q

What do hydrocarbons do?

A

Releases energy

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5
Q

What are isomers?

A

Compounds with same molecular formula but have different structures and properties

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6
Q

What is a structural isomer?

A

Have different covalent structure

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7
Q

Are hydrocarbons hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

A

Hydrophobic and non polar

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8
Q

What are cis/trans isomers?

A

Have same covalent bond with different structure

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9
Q

What are enantiomers?

A

Isomers that are mirror images of each other

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10
Q

What are enantiomers in the pharmaceutical industry?

A

Can produce drugs that appear the same but have different effects.

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11
Q

What is a functional group?

A

Organic molecules that attach to a carbon skeleton with different properties or functions

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12
Q

What is an example of functional groups?

A

Sex hormones that are similar and attach but have different properties

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13
Q

What are the 4 macromolecules?

A

Carbohydrates, protein, lipids, and nucleic acids

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14
Q

What do carbohydrates do?

A

Give energy

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15
Q

What do proteins do?

A

Are the building blocks of life

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16
Q

What do lipids do?

A

Store energy and insulation

17
Q

What do nucleic acids do?

A

Store DNA

18
Q

What are the 7 most important functional groups?

A

Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Amino Acids, Sulfhydryl, Phosphate, and Methyl group

19
Q

What is included in the hydroxyl group?

A

H & O

20
Q

What is included in the carbonyl group?

A

C & H

21
Q

What is included in the carboxyl group?

A

C, H, O

22
Q

What is included in the amino acids group?

A

N & H

23
Q

What is included in the sulfhydryl group?

A

S & H

24
Q

What is in the phosphate group?

A

P & O

25
Q

What is included in the methyl group?

A

C & H

26
Q

What is ATP?

A

Adenosine triphosphate where the molecule is attached to a string of three phosphate groups. A broken phosphate releases energy

Biology 006 (24 decks)

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