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Biology 006 > Biology Lab: Enzymes > Flashcards

Biology Lab: Enzymes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction without being consumes

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2
Q

How do laundry detergents work?

A

Through enzymes that help break down macromolecules OR catabolic reactions that are found in stains

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3
Q

How can fats and oils be removed?

A

Surfactants that are attracted to hydrophobic molecules

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4
Q

What are amylases?

A

Enzymes that break down polysaccharides and added to remove starches

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5
Q

What is pepsin?

A

A protease found in the stomachs that breaks down protein and works at low pH.

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6
Q

What is trypsin?

A

A protease found in the small intestine and works at high pH

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7
Q

What is a lipase?

A

An enzyme that break triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids

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8
Q

What is the protocol for laundry detergent?

A
  1. Grab 2 test tubes
  2. Test tube 1: 2 squirts of tap water
    Test Tube 2: 2 squirts of detergent
  3. 2 squirts of starch solution to each test tubes
  4. 3 drops of Lugol’s iodine to both test tubes
  5. Stir
  6. Observe any color changes
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9
Q

Do detergents contain catabolic or anabolic enzymes?

A

Detergents contain catabolic enzymes to breakdown molecules from hard stains

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10
Q

What type of enzymes breaks down polysaccharides?

A

Amylase breaks down polysaccharides(starches)

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11
Q

What is happening in the test tube to cause the color to change?

A

In the experimental test tube (detergent), does not have any color change when lugol’s is added which means it is a negative result. Lugol’s test polysaccharides but detergent has amylase which breaks down starch which is not detected by Lugol’s

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12
Q

What is a food example of a starch stain?

A

An example of a starch stain can be pasta that comes from fat

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13
Q

Why do detergents contain enzymes?

A

Detergents contain catabolic enzymes to break down macromolecules found in stains so they wash off easier

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14
Q

What is protocol for Activity of Lipase?(milk)

A
  1. Grab 2 test tubes and label
  2. Test tube 1: 1 squirt of milk, 10 drops of litmus, 10 drops of NaOH, and 1 squirt of water
    Test Tube 2: 1 squirt of milk, 10 drops of litmus, 10 drops of NaOH, 1 squirt of lipase solution
  3. Seal the test tubes with paraffin
  4. Mix
  5. Observe color changes
  6. Incubate test tubes in 37 C water bath for 1 hour
  7. Observe color changes
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15
Q

Why does you digestive system need lipase?

A

Lipase is needed to breakdown fats one consumes

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16
Q

What is the purpose of test tube 1?

A

Test tube 1 is the control tube that is used to compare the differences in test tube 2

17
Q

What happened to test tube 2?

A

Lipase should breakdown from the milk which affects the ph

18
Q

Would this experiment work well with skim milk?

A

No. This would not work well with skim milk because skim milk has fats extracted which cannot be broken down by lipase.

19
Q

What is the protocol for potato catalase?

A
  1. Cut two pieces of potato
  2. wrap one with a wet paper towel and put in a dish to microwave for 3 minutes
  3. Keep the other piece uncooked
  4. Grab 2 test tubes one that is control (cooked) and reaction(uncooked)
  5. Add 4 squirts of hydrogen peroxide to each
  6. Cut the potato in to small pieces and place in each test tube
20
Q

Which test had the most bubbles? What is the gas being produced?

A

Uncooked should have the most bubbles because catalase is not denatured and is functional. The gas being produced is O2

21
Q

What happened to the enzyme after the potato was cooked? What caused this to occur?

A

The enzyme was denatured which occurred to the increase of temperature

22
Q

What do you think is the optimum temperature for potato catalase?

A

Optima temperature is 35-37 C or body temperature

23
Q

What do you think is the optimum temperature for human catalase?

A

Optimal temperature should be close t body temperature or 98.6 F

24
Q

What factors influence enzyme activity?

A

Temperature, pH, cofactors/coenzymes, and inhibitors

Biology 006 (24 decks)

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