Chapter 3: Water and Life 09/04/2023

Question 1

What is the universal solvent?

Answer 1

Water

Question 2

What are atoms composed of?

Answer 2

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 3

What are the types of chemical bonds?

Answer 3

Covalent, ionic, hydrogen, and Vanderwaals

Question 4

What do ionic bonds do?

Answer 4

Transfer and move electrons from atom to another

Question 5

What do covalent bonds do?

Answer 5

Share one or more of their electrons between atoms

Question 6

What is a polar covalent bond?

Answer 6

When the sharing of atoms is unequal

Question 7

What are the four water properties?

Answer 7

1. Cohesive Behavior
2. Ability to Moderate Temperatures
3. Expand upon freezing
4. Versatility as a solvent

Question 8

What is adhesion?

Answer 8

The attraction between different substances

Question 9

What is cohesion?

Answer 9

The hydrogen bonds that hold water molecules together

Question 10

What does cohesion help in?

Answer 10

Transport water against gravity in plants

Question 11

What is surface tension?

Answer 11

The measurement of how hard it is to break the surface of a liquid

Question 12

How does water help in temperature?

Answer 12

When there is heat, water absorbs it and releases it as cool air. When it is cold, it will release large amount of heat with slight change to its own temperature

Question 13

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 13

The energy of motion

Question 14

What is thermal energy?

Answer 14

The kinetic energy associated with random motion of atoms or molecules

Question 15

What is energy?

Answer 15

The average kinetic energy of the molecules in a body of matter

Question 16

What is heat?

Answer 16

Thermal energy that is transferred from one body to the next

Question 17

What is a calorie?

Answer 17

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1g of water

Question 18

What is specific heat?

Answer 18

The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost

Question 19

What happens to heat when hydrogen bonds break?

Answer 19

Heat is absorbed

Question 20

What happens to heat when hydrogen bonds form?

Answer 20

Heat is released

Question 21

What is heat of evaporation?

Answer 21

The heat a liquid must absorb for a gram to turn into a gas

Question 22

What is a solution?

Answer 22

A liquid that is homogenous

Question 23

What is a solvent?

Answer 23

What dissolves a substances

Question 24

What is a solute?

Answer 24

The substance that is being dissolved

Question 25

What is an aqueous solution?

Answer 25

A solution in which water is the solvent

Question 26

What is a hydration shell?

Answer 26

When water molecules attach to ionic compounds and surround it by their charge

Question 27

What is a hydrophilic substance?

Answer 27

A substance that likes water

Question 28

What is hydrophobic substances?

Answer 28

A substance that does not like water

Question 29

What is an acid?

Answer 29

Any substance that increases H+ ion concentration of a solution

Question 30

What is a base?

Answer 30

Any substance where there is an increase of OH- in the solution

Question 31

What is considered an acidic solution?

Answer 31

Those who have a pH less than 7

Question 32

What is a basic solution?

Answer 32

Those who have a pH greater than 7

Question 33

What is a buffer?

Answer 33

A substances that stops the concentration change of H+ and OH- in a solution