Chapter 6 Flashcards
Differentiate between the four types of membranes
Serous-lines body cavities that lack openings to outside and secrete watery serous fluid that lubricates membrane surface
Mucous-line body cavities that open to outside and secretes mucus
Synovial-lines joint cavities and secretes thick synovial fluid that lubricates joints
Cutaneous-external body covering(skin)
Name the four types of membrane
Serous, mucous, synovial, cutaneous
What is the function of skin and it’s tissues
Protection, regulate temp, slows water loss, houses various sensory receptors, makes chemicals, and excretes waste
T or f there is no blood in the first four layers
True
Lacks blood vessels
Epidermis
Deepest layer (stratum basal (germination))
Epidermis
Only layer alive
Layer four
What layer can divide and make new skin
Layer 4
Nourished by dermal blood vessels
Epidermis
Only this deepest layer can divide
Epidermis
Older cells harden
Keratinization
Stratum corneum
Epidermis
Outermost layer of dead cells
Stratum corneum
Protects underlying tissue against water loss, injury and effects of harmful chemicals
Epidermis
Pigment in skin which absorbs uv radiation
Melanin
Pigment cells
Melanocytes
Where do the differences in skin color come from?
Result from the amount of melanin, distribution and size of pigment granules, environment, physiological factors, genetics
What does ABCD in reference to pigmented skin stand for
Pigmented areas are assymetric, have irregular boarders, have several colors, and have a diameter greater than 6mm. are likely to be cancer
Binds the epidermis to underlying tissue
Dermis
Dermal blood vessels supply nutrients to skin cells and aid in regular body temp
Dermis
Nerve fibers are scattered throughout
Dermis
Contains hair follicles, sebaceous glands(oil), and sweat glands
Dermis
Beneath dermis and consists of loose connective tissue and adipose
Subcutaneous
Adipose conserves heat
Subcutaneous
Contains major blood vessels that supply skin and adipose
Subcutaneous
Tubelike depression in skin in which hair develops
Hair follicles
Bundle of smooth muscle attached to each follicle. When stimulates puckers, causing goose bumps
Arrector pili muscle
Oily mixture that helps keep skin and hair soft and waterproof
Sebum
Not on our hands and feet…. Which explains why we get dry skin
Oil glands
Whitish half moon shaped region at base of nail plate is most active growing region
Lunula
What is in sweat
Sweat is mostly water, also contains salt and waste (liquid)
What is the difference between eccrine and apocrine glands
Eccrine- respond to elevated temp (hands and feet)
Apocrine-respond to emotional stress (hair follicles)
Explain how body temp regulated when hot/cold
Temp rises-dermal blood vessel dilate and sweat glands release sweat
Temp drops- dermal blood vessels constrict and sweat glands become inactive
Excessive heat loss stimulates skeletal muscles to contract involuntary
Explain healing of shallow and deeper
Dividing epithelial cells fill in shallow cuts in epidermis
Blood clots form a scab to cover deeper tissue
Branch of blood vessels and cluster of fibroblasts form in large open wounds
Granulations
Explain 3 degrees and symptoms
1- only involves surface layers of epidermis; skin is red and tender-not painful
2-much of epidermis is destroyed and also extends into dermis; redness and blisters p-painful because dermis nerves are irritated
3- involves all skin layers-charring of skin; intensive pain because of nerve destruction
Why is inflammation good for wound healing
Dilated blood vessels provide for nutrients and oxygen and helps it heal
