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Honors Anatomy > Chapter 15-2 > Flashcards

Chapter 15-2 Flashcards

0
Q

Pancreatic lipase

A

Digest fat

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1
Q

Pancreatic amylase

A

Digest carbs

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2
Q

Pancreatic nuclease

A

Digests nucleic acid

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3
Q

Trypsin

A

Digest protein

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4
Q

Why must proteolytic enzymes be secreted in an inactive form

A

Because they digest protein

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5
Q

Hormone that stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice with high concentration of bicarbonate ions

A

Secretin

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6
Q

What is the function of bicarbonate ions

A

Neutralize acid of chyme

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7
Q

What’s the function of cholecystokinin

A

Hormone that stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice with high concentration of digestive enzyme

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8
Q

Livers functional units

A

Hepatic lobules

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9
Q

State the functions of the liver

A 
Metabolizes carbs, lipids, and proteins
Stores glycogen, iron, vit A, D, and B12
Filters blood
Detoxification
Secretes bile
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10
Q

What is the most abundant composition of bile

A

Bile salts

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11
Q

Why don’t new bile salts have to be made everyday

A

90% of bile salts are re absorbed by liver

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12
Q

Function of the gall bladder

A

Stores bile between meals

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13
Q

What causes gall stones

A

Cholesterol in bile may form crystals

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14
Q

What is cholecystectomy

A

Surgical removal of the gall bladder

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15
Q

Function of bile salts

A

Emulsification of fat (breaks it down into smaller droplets)

Aid absorption of fatty acids, cholesterol, and vitamin A,D,E,K

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16
Q

Uppermost part, 10 inches long, most fixed portion

A

Duodenum

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17
Q

2nd part, 8 ft long

A

Jejunum

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18
Q

Last part, 12 ft long

A

Ileum

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19
Q

Double layered membrane that suspends and supports small intestine

A

Mesentery

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20
Q

Tiny projections of mucous membrane increasing surface area aiding in absorption

21
Q

List 3 secretions of the small intestine

A

Mucus, watery neutral fluid, digestive enzyme

22
Q

Final product villi absorbs

A

Monosaccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerol

23
Q

Explain ileocecal sphincter

A

Muscle that controls the movement of intestine contents from small to large intestine

24
Q

First 2-3 in. Of large intestine

25
Q

Narrow tube with closed end projecting from cecum

A

Vermiform appendix

26
Q

Extends from cecum to anus

27
Q

Last few centimeters of large intestine

A

Anal canal

28
Q

Opening to exterior

29
Q

Compare and contrast structure of small and large intestine

A

Both composed of same type of tissue
L: lacks Villi and blood vessels
S: has intentional glands

30
Q

Fibers form bands creating a series of pouches

31
Q

Functions of large intestine

A

Secretes muscus
Absorbs water and electrolytes
Stores and forms feces
Bacteria produces vitamins that are absorbed by intestine

32
Q

What r the movements of the large intestine

A

Peristalsis and mixing occurs but slower

33
Q

chymotrypsin

A

Digest protein

34
Q

carboxypeptidease

A

Digest protein

35
Q

What is acute pancreatitis

A

Blockage in the release of pancreatic juice

36
Q

In acute pancreatitis what builds up in the organ and digests part of pancreas

A

Trypsinogen

37
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Water is drawn into the cells which dries out secretion in lungs and pancreas leaving a sticky mucus. Either pat person on back to bring mucus up or take digestive enzyme pills to digest food for you

38
Q

Inflammation of the liver

39
Q

Spreads by contact with food or objects contaminated with virus containing feces

A

Hepatitis A

40
Q

Spreads by contact with virus containing body fluids such as blood saliva or semen. Transmitted by blood transfusions, needles, or sexual activity

A

Hepatitis b

41
Q

Most common hepatitis

42
Q

Transmitted in blood by sharing razors or needles and people infected suffer from chronic symptoms

43
Q

Must have hep B to have this. Associated with blood

44
Q

Transmitted in water contaminate with feces in developing nations

45
Q

Passes from feces and can infect other primates

46
Q

Why can’t antibiotic drugs help hep

A

Antibiotic drugs are good for bacteria. Hep is a virus. U must wait out symptoms or be given interferon (given as drug)

47
Q

What is jaundice

A

Turns skin and whites of eyes yellow due to buildup of bile pigments

48
Q

What does cellular turnover mean

A

Small intestines epithelial lining is renewed every 3-6 days. 25% of feces is dead epithelial cells

49
Q

What is appendicitis and what can it lead to

A

Appendix becomes inflamed and infected

If ruptured the contents of large intestine will enter abdominal cavity causing peritonitis

50
Q

What’s lactose intolerance

A

Lactose remains un digested which creates pressure of intestine contents

50
Q

What are hemorrhoids

A

Branches of the rectal vein are enlarged by putting pressure on the delicate rectal tissue

Honors Anatomy (18 decks)

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