Chapter 15-1 Flashcards
Name the movements of the alimentary canal
Mixing movements
Peristalsis
Name four layers of the alimentary wall canal
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscular
Serous
Propelling movements in a wavelike motion
Peristalsis
Tongues role is digestive process
Mixes food with saliva and moves food toward pharynx during swallowing
Name the 3 tonsils
Lingual tonsils
Palatine tonsils
Pharyngeal tonsils
Consists of hard anterior part and soft posterior part
Palate
Soft projection that closes opening to nasal cavity during swallowing
Uvula
Name the four teeth and their functions
Incisors-biting
Canines-tear food
Bicuspids-cut and chew
Molars-grind food
Hardest substance in body which covers crown
Enamel
Hard bonelike material that forms bulk of tooth
Dentin
Contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue
Pulp cavity
Thin layer of bone like material that encloses root
Cementum
Surrounds cementum and attaches tooth to jaw
Periodontal ligament
Two main salivary secretions
Amylase
Mucus
Digestive enzyme that digests starch
Amylase
3 majors salivary glands
Parotid glands
Submandibular glands
Sublingual glands
Name 3 parts of the pharynx
nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharnx
Describe the swallowing mechanism
Food is mixed w saliva and forced into pharynx
Involuntary reflex actions move food into the esophagus
Food passageway from pharynx to stomach
Esophagus
Circular muscle at end of pyloric canal that controls gastric emptying
Pyloric sphincter
Folds on stomachs inner lining
Rugae
3 gastric secretions and what they produce
Mucous cells produce mucus
Chief cells produce pepsin
Parietal cells produce HCL and intrinsic factor
Name 3 phases of regulation of gastric secretion
Cephalic phase-sight, odor, or thought of food will start activity of gastric glands
Gastric phase-when food enters stomach, cells stimulate to produce gastrin which stimulate gastric juice production
Intestinal phase-begins with stimulus in intestine tract which causes a decrease in secretion of gastric juice
Why can’t you absorb meal through stomach wall
Food hasn’t been digested enough to pass through stomach membrane
What can get through stomach lining
Stomach can absorb water, glucose, salt, alcohol, and aspirin
Semi fluid paste of food particles and gastric juice
Chyme
Rate of emptying depends on what
Fluidity of chyme
Type of food
Which kinds of food empty the quickest? Slowest?
Fastest-carbs
Slowest-fatty foods
What do ulcers eat away at
The mucus membrane
Hernia
Esophagus tube gets bigger and the gastric juices go up the tube and to the thoracic region and can cause heart burn
