Chapter 5 (end) and Chapter 6 Flashcards
another name for skin
integument
makes basal lamina
superficial epidermis
makes reticular lamina
deeper dermis
two layers that make up the integument
epidermis and dermis
three potential reasons for mucus secretion in fish and amphibians
aid in swimming
keep friction down
some protection
keratinized or cornified layer
stratum corneum
basal layer of stem cells and produces keratinocytes
stratum basal
the integument of fish are
non-keratinized and mucus covered
use alarm substances when the integument is compromised, no benefit to the individual but instead to other like species in the area
club cells
two types of mucus secreting cells in fish integument
granular and goblet cells
what kind of scales to chondrichthyian fish have
placoid scales
three parts of placoid scale
enamel tip
dentin underneath
pulp cavity
enamel tip is
of epidermis origin
dentin is
of dermis origin
bony fish have two layers of dermis
superficial loose and deep dense fibrous connective tissue
type of scale sarcopterygians have
cosmoid scales
what makes up cosmoid scales
thin enamel over dentin over bone
scales primitive actinopterygians have
ganoid scales
what makes up ganoid scales
thick enamel over bone
two types of scales teleost fish can have
cycloid or ctenoid
what is the make up of teleost scales
loss of enamel, dentin, and vascular bone, so just lamellar bone
growth rings on teleost fish scales
circuli
integument adaptations for life on land
keratinization of epidermis and multicellular glands
secretory cells of larval salamanders that contain defensive chemicals
leydig cells
in frogs and salamanders there are two types of multicellular glands in the integument
mucus and poison glands
adaptations to reptile integument
increased keratinization and fewer glands
scales of reptiles
epidermal scales= folded cornified epithelium
junction between scales in reptile integument
hinge
plates under epiderm scales
osteoderms
sloughing off of sections of cornified epidermis
molting
what happens during molting
a duplication of s. granulosum and s. corneum
layer inbetween new and old skin
s. intermedium
what promotes separation when molting
white blood cells
gland at the base of tail in birds what has lipid/protein secretion for preening of feathers
uropygial gland
gland in the head of marine birds that allows for salt secretion
salt gland
4 characteristics of feathers
birds only
develop from feather follicles (invaginations of epidermis)
seasonal/annual molting and re-growth
dermal muscles to move feathers
aerodynamic flight feathers
contour feathers
thermoregulation feathers
down feathers
feathers for display
filoplumes
immune cells found in the s. spinosum of mammal integuments
langerhan cells
mechanoreceptor cells found in the s. basal of mammal integuments
merkel cells
two layers of mammal dermis
superficial papillary dermis
deep reticular dermis
dermal bones in mammals
some skull bones
develops from invagination of epithelium cells in mammals
hair
movement of hair
arrector pili muscle
oil glands
sebaceous glands
oil glands are usually associated with what
hair follicles
sweat glands
sudoriferous glands
thick secretion, associated with hair follicles
become active during puberty
for chemical signaling?
apocrine glands
watery secretion, not associated with hair follicles
eccrine glands
from apocrine glands for social communication
scent glands
from sudoriferous glands for milk production
mammary glands
