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College Biology > Chapter 46 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 46 Test Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Prevailing weather conditions in a region over time

A

Climate

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2
Q

______ and ______ dictate the climate

A

Temperature and rainfall

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3
Q

Temperature and rainfall are influenced by _____ factors

A

Two

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4
Q

What are the two factors that temperature and rainfall are influenced by?

A

Solar radiation / tilt of the earth

The sun / topography

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5
Q

The tilt of the earth effects temperature and rainfall because it establishes the _____

A

Seasons

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6
Q

Movement of hot and cold air over the earth affects what ______ is where

A

Biome

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7
Q

Effect of solar radiation

A

Air temperature / wind

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8
Q

Physical features of the land

A

Topography

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9
Q

Physical features of the land

A

Mountains
Coastal breeze
Lake effect snow

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10
Q

Wet on the west, dry on the east

A

Rain shadow

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11
Q

Heat from the land is replaced by heat from the water

At night, it’s opposite

A

Coastal breeze

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12
Q

Arctic air gathers moisture and warms up, causing it to ride on the land, which causes the temperature to cool, causing condensation and snow

A

Lake effect snow

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13
Q

Annual precipitation of a tundra

A

6-10 inches (mostly snow)

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14
Q

In a tundra, this is permanently frozen ground

A

Permafrost

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15
Q

Bird that lives in the tundra

A

Ptarmigan

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16
Q

In a coniferous forest, this is also known as a boreal forest. It has the most drastic temperature changes

A

Taiga

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17
Q

Trees with needles in a coniferous forest have…

A

Waxy coating holds water
Creates wind resistance
Snow falls off easier
Give nutrients back to the tree when they fall off

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18
Q

Tree in a coniferous forest

A

Hemlock tree

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19
Q

Annual rainfall in a tropical forest

A

60-160 inches evenly distributed throughout the year

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20
Q

Animal in tropical rainforest that are slow moving and live in the canopy

A

Sloths

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21
Q

In tropical forests, these plants grow everywhere, but begin their life in the canopy and feed off of air while making their way down the tree

A

Epiphytes

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22
Q

Grassland found between a tropical forest and a desert

A

Savanna

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23
Q

Annual precipitation of grasslands

A

10-20 inches per year

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24
Q

Animal in grassland thats’ laugh can be heard up to 3 miles away

A

Hyena

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25
Q

Annual rainfall in a desert

A

Less than 25 cm a year

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26
Q

Plants in a desert that have no leaves, modified stems, and store water

A

Succulents

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27
Q

Animal in a desert that can jump up to 9 feet to escape prey

A

Kangaroo rat

28
Q

Aquatic ecosystems

A

Freshwater
Saltwater
Brackish

29
Q

Bodies of water inland

A

Freshwater

30
Q

Oceans (marine)

A

Saltwater

31
Q

Mixture of fresh and saltwater

A

Brackish

32
Q

A lake is an example of _______

A

Freshwater

33
Q

Lakes are classified by their ______ ______

A

Nutrient status

34
Q

Nutrient-poor

A

Oligotrophic

35
Q

Normal nutrients (nutrient-rich)

A

Eutrophic

36
Q

Process when you make a nutrient-poor lake into a nutrient-rich lake

A

Eutrophication

37
Q

Layers

A

Stratification

38
Q

Upper layer of the lake where the warm water is

A

Epilimnion

39
Q

Area where the warm upper water meets the cool lower water

A

Thermocine

40
Q

Lower layer of the lake where the cool water is

A

Hypolimnion

41
Q

Overturning in the fall

A

Gets cooler so the water on the top gets cooler and sinks to the bottom, getting replaced by the warmer water that was at the bottom

42
Q

Overturning in the spring

A

When the top ice thaws, it sinks down and the warmer water comes up

43
Q

Microscopic organisms that animals feed on

A

Plankton

44
Q

Types of plankton

A

Phytoplankton

Zooplankton

45
Q

Photosynthetic organisms

A

Photoplankton

46
Q

Non-photosynthetic organisms that eat phytoplankton, but are then eaten by other organisms

A

Zooplankton

47
Q

Zones of the water

A

Littoral
Limnetic
Profundal
Benthic

48
Q

In the shallow water that is closest to shore; plants take root here

A

Littoral

49
Q

Sunlit part of the water

A

Limnetic

50
Q

Open water where the sunlight does not reach

A

Profundal

51
Q

Where soil and water meet at the bottom

A

Benthic

52
Q

Nursery of the sea

A

Estuary

53
Q

In tropical forest, plant that will grow at the top of the tree and send its vines down and suffocate the tree

A

Strangler fig

54
Q

Tropical forest has bengal bamboo that can grow to be ____ feet tall

A

80

55
Q

Toucan lives in the _____ _____

A

Tropical forest

56
Q

Rain forest organism that functions as a decomposer

A

Saprophyte

57
Q

Biome where you find a mutualistic relationship between mycorrhizae fungi and the roots of trees

A

Coniferous forest

58
Q

Dung beetle is in ______

A

Grasslands

59
Q

Flora in the tundra

A 
Bearberry
Arctic willow
Arctic moss
Caribou moss
Diamond leaf willow
Labrador tea
Pasque flower
60
Q

Fauna in the tundra

A 
Caribou
Reindeer
Muskox
Arctic fox
Swan
Polar bear
Arctic hare
Wolverine
Lemming
Snow goose
Walrus
Puffin
61
Q

Flora of the desert

A

Brittle bush
Barrel cactus
Opuntia chloritica
Succulents

62
Q

Fauna in the desert

A

Dama gazelle
Kangaroo rat
Mountain lion

63
Q

Flora in the grasslands

A 
Buffalo grass
Sunflower
Crazy weed
Asters
Blazing stars
Coneflowers
Goldenrods
Clover
Wild indigos
64
Q

Fauna of the grasslands

A 
Coyotes
Eagles
Bobcats
Gray wolf
Wild turkey
Fly catcher
Canadian geese
Crickets
Dung beetle
Bison
Prairie chicken
Hyena
65
Q

Flora of tropical forests

A 
Epiphytes
Bromeliads
Orchids
Bengal bamboo
Saprophytes
Lianas
Strangler fig
Buttress roots
Creepers
66
Q

Fauna in tropical forests

A 
Sloths
Toucan
Boa constrictor
Spider monkey
Tree snail
Rhinoceros beetle
Poison arrow frog

College Biology (16 decks)

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