Chapter 4 notes pt. 2

Question 1

What two governmental movements helped minorities and females enter into law enforcement?

Answer 1

1. The Civil Rights Act and its amendments

2. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Question 2

What are some ways female officers face scrutiny?

Answer 2

1. Some male officers view them as weak.
2. Some male officers try to protect female officers
3. There are little to no female leaders for female officers to look up to.

Question 3

Female officers are subjected to tokenism, what is tokenism?

Answer 3

Tokenism is the belief that someone is hired only to fill a diversity requirement

Question 4

True or False: studies have shown a significant difference between performances in male and female officers.

Answer 4

False; there is very little difference

Question 5

In general, policewomen are _____ aggressive and more likely to reduce the potential for _________ situations by relying on _______ skills rather than their authority as law enforcement agents.

Answer 5

less
violent
verbal

Question 6

what are two set of circumstances in which minority officers are viewed with suspicion?

Answer 6

1. White police officers believe they will play favorites with their race
2. People of their race/ethnicity view them as a traitor

Question 7

In the past, women and members of minority groups in law enforcement have suffered from _________, or hiring practices that exclude potential employees based on their gender, race, or ethnicity.

Answer 7

discrimination

Question 8

To remedy this situation, many law enforcement agencies have instituted ________ _________ programs to diversify their wokforces.

Answer 8

affirmative action

Question 9

In some instances, a court will issue a ________ __________, under which an agency agrees to reach certain numerical hiring goals or be penalized.

Answer 9

consent decree

Question 10

True or False: every county in the U.S has sheriffs

Answer 10

False; almost every county has one (except Alaska)

Question 11

What are some of the common responsibilities of a Sheriff’s Department?

Answer 11

• investigating drug crimes
• maintaining the county jail
• carrying out civil and criminal processes within county lines such as serving eviction notices and court summonses
• keeping order in the county courthouse
• enforcing orders of the court, such as overseeing the isolation of a jury during a trial

Question 12

What is the difference between the sheriff’s department and the local police department?

Answer 12

The sheriff’s department is more likely to be involved in county court and jail operations and to perform certain services such as search and rescue

The local police department is more likely to perform traffic-related functions than are sheriff’s departments

Question 13

Historically what are the three reasons state police agencies were created?

Answer 13

1. To assist local police agencies, which often didn’t have adequate resources or training to handle their law enforcement tasks
2. To investigate criminal activities that crossed jurisdictional boundaries
3. To provide law enforcement in rural and other areas that didn’t have local or county police agencies

Question 14

What departments are a part of the Department Homeland Security?

Answer 14

1. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
2. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)
3. U.S. Secret Service

Question 15

What are the two primary goals of the Customs and Border Patrol (CBP)?

Answer 15

1. To keep illegal immigrants, drugs, and drug traffickers from crossing our borders
2. to facilitate the smooth flow of legal trade and travel

Question 16

What is the primary goal of the U.S Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)?

Answer 16

To uphold public safety and homeland security by enforcing the nation’s immigration and customs laws

Question 17

What is the primary goal of the U.S. Secret Service?

Answer 17

1. protect the president, the president’s family, and other high-ranking politicians
2. combat currency counterfeiters

Question 18

What is the oldest federal law enforcement agency?

Answer 18

The U.S. Marshal Service

Question 19

What departments are a part of the Department of Justice?

Answer 19

1. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
2. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
3. Bureau of Alchohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF)
4. U.S. Marshal Service

Question 20

What is the primary goal of the FBI?

Answer 20

1. Protect national security by fighting international and domestic terrorism
2. enforce federal criminal laws such as those dealing with cyber crime, public corruption, and civil rights violations

Question 21

what is the primary goal of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)?

Answer 21

enforce the nation’s laws regulating the sale and use of drugs

Question 22

What is the primary goal of the Bureau of Alchohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF)?

Answer 22

1. combat the illegal use and trafficking of firearms and explosives
2. investigate the illegal diversion of alcohol and tobacco products

Question 23

What is the primary goal of the U.S. Marshals Service?

Answer 23

1. provide security at federal courts
2. protect government witnesses
3. apprehend fugitives from the federal court or corrections system

Question 24

What department is under the Department of the Treasury??

Answer 24

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

Question 25

What is the primary goal of the International Revenue Service (IRS)?

Answer 25

Investigate potential criminal violations of the nation’s tax code.

Question 26

What are the four factors that affect growth in private security?

Answer 26

1. an increase in fear on the part of the public, triggered by media coverage of crime
2. the problem of crime in the workplace
3. budget cuts in states and municipalities that have forced reductions in the number of public police, thereby raising the demand for private ones
4. a rising awareness of private security products and services a cost-effective protective measures

Question 27

Municipal police departments and _________ departments are both considered “local” organizations and have many of the same responsibilities.

Answer 27

sheriff’s

Question 28

On the state level, the authority of the ___________ ____________ is usually limited to enforcing traffic laws.

Answer 28

highway patrol

Question 29

Nationally, the __________ has jurisdiction over all federal crimes, while the __________ focuses on federal drug laws and the _________ refulates th eillegal sale and possession of guns.

Answer 29

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Bureau of Alchohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Exsplosives (ATF)

Question 30

Private security is designed to ___________ crime rather than to stop it.

Answer 30

deter

Question 31

Tell how the patronage system affected policing.

Answer 31

During the political era of policing (1840-1930), bribes paid by citizens and business owners often went into the coffers of the local political party. This became known as the patronage system.

Question 32

Explain how intelligence-led policing works and how it benefits modern police departments.

Answer 32

Intelligence-led policing uses past crime patterns to predict when and where crime will occur in the future. In theory, intelligence-led policing allows police administrators to use fewer resources, because it removes costly and time-consuming “guesswork” from the law enforcement equation.

Question 33

Identify the differences between the police academy and field training as learning tools for recruits.

Answer 33

The police academy is a controlled environment where police recruits learn the basics of policing from instructors in classrooms. In contrast, field training takes place in the “real-world”: the recruit goes on patrol with an experienced police officer

Question 34

Analyze the importance of private security today.

Answer 34

In the United States, businesses and citizens spend billions of dollars each year on private security. Heightened fear of crime and increased crime in the workplace have fueled the growth in spending on private security.