Chapter 12 notes pt. 3 Flashcards
the conditional release of an inmate before his or her sentance has expired
parole
parole is based on what three concepts?
- grace
- contract of consent
- custody
the release of an inmate into a community supervison program at the discretion of the parole board within limits set by state or federal law
discretionary release
under indeterminate sentencing, parole is not a right but a __________
privilege
In Greenhotz vs Inmates of the Nebraska Penal and Correctional Complex (1979) what did the Supreme Court rule?
Inmates don’t have a constitutionally protected right to expect parole, thereby giving states the freedom to set their own standards for determing parole eligibility
true or false: all convicts are eligible for parole
false
Is this probation or parole:
an alternative to imprisonment.
probation
Is this probation or parole:
an early release from a correctional facility
parole
Is this probation or parole:
generally occurs before imprisonment
probation
Is this probation or parole:
occurs after an offender has spent time behind bars
parole
Is this probation or parole:
is under the domain of the judiciary
probation
Is this probation or parole:
often falls under the domain of the parole board
parole
Is this probation or parole:
Most of them are first-time offenders who have committed nonviolent crimes
probation
Is this probation or parole:
spent months or even years in prison
parole
true or false: a convict applies for parole
false
in most states, the responsiblity for making the parole decision falls to the ________ ______
parole board
a body of appointed civilians that decides whether a convict should be granted conditional release before the end of his or her sentence
parole board
most parole boards are ____, made up of __-__ members
small
3-7
in many jurisdiction, parole board member’s terms are limited to between __-__ years
4-6
in a system that uses discretionary parole, the actual release decision is made at a _______ _____ ________
parole grant hearing
a hearing in which the entire parole board or a subcommittee reviews information, meets the offender, and hears testimony from relevant witnesses to determine whether to grant people
parole grant hearing
If parole is denied, the entire process is replayed at the next “________ ______”, which depends on the nature of the offender’s crimes and all relevant laws
“action date”
If parole is denied, the entire process is replayed at the next “action date”, which depends on the nature of the offender’s _____ and all _______ laws
crimes
relevant
release from prison that occurs when an offender has served the full-length of his or her sentence, minus any adjustments for good time
mandatory release
in mandatory release, corrections officials rely on ______ ___________ to determine the early release date
parole guidelines
standards that are used in the parole process to measure the risk that a potential parolee will recidivate
parole guidelines
under the system of parole guidelines, inmates and corrections authorities know the _________ _______ _____ soon after the inmate enters prison.
presumptive parole date
the term parole has two meanings:
1.
2.
- refers to the establishment of a release
2. the continuing supervision of convicted felons after they have been released from prison
an agreement between the state and the offender that establishes the conditions of parole
parole contract
each jurisdiction has its own standard _______ _______, although the parole board can add specific provisions if it sees the need
parole contract
the release of an inmate from prison at the end of his or her sentence without any further correctional supervision
expiration release
an act of executive clemancy that overturns a conviction and erases mention of the crime from the person’s criminal record
pardon
temporary release from a prison for purposes of vocational or educational training, to ease the shock of release, or for personal reasons
furlough
_________ ________ occurs following a short period of incarceration at the back end of shock probation
probation release
probation release occurs following a short period of __________ at the back end of shock probation
incarceration
Parole refers to the __________ release of an inmate from prison before the end of his or her _________.
conditional
sentence
In jurisdictions that have systems of discretionary release, a __________ __________ makes the parole decision.
parole board
In contrast, with a _________ release, the inmate will not leave prison until her or his sentence has expired, minus good-time credits.
mandatory
Once an inmate has been released from prison, the terms of his or her release are spelled out in a parole _________, and a ________ violation of these terms or, especially, the commission of a new crime will almost certainly result in a return to prison.
contract
technical
Describe typical conditions of parole.
Parolees must not use illegal drugs, not associate with known felons, not change their addresses without notifying authorities, and report to their parole officer at specified intervals.
