Chapter 4 notes pt. 1

Question 1

What are the four basic responsibilities of the police?

Answer 1

1. To enforce laws
2. To provide services
3. to prevent crime
4. to preserve the peace

Question 2

The function of the police is to solve any problem that may ___________, though not ___________, require the use of force.

Answer 2

possibly

necessarily

Question 3

What are examples of police officers providing services?

Answer 3

• directing traffic
• performing emergency medical procedures
• counseling those involved in domestic disputes
• providing directions to tourists
• finding lost children.

Question 4

along with _________, police officers are among the first public servants called to conduct _______ and ______ operations.

Answer 4

firefighters
search
rescue

Question 5

what is community policing?

Answer 5

an adopted strategy that requires officers to provide assistance in areas that are not, at first glance, directly related to law enforcement

Question 6

What are the two predictable public responses when crime rates begin to rise in the community?

Answer 6

1. To punish convicted criminals with stricter laws and more severe penalties
2. To demand that the police keep crimes from occurring in the first place

Question 7

James Q. Wilson believes that _______________________ is the most important role of law enforcement officers.

Answer 7

preserving the peace

Question 8

“cracking down” on the ______ crimes will prevent _______ crimes in the future.

Answer 8

minor

serious

Question 9

Both the public and law enforcement officers themselves believe that the police’s primary job is to _________ laws.

Answer 9

enforce

Question 10

A large and crucial part of policing, however, involves providing _________ such as directing traffic.

Answer 10

services

Question 11

The ability of the police to actually __________ crime is a matter of great debate, and some experts believe that the most important role of a police officer is to ________ the peace.

Answer 11

prevent

preserve

Question 12

___________ became the first American city to employ both day and night watchmen.

Answer 12

Philadelphia

Question 13

In the political era of policing, how did police officers receive their jobs?

Answer 13

police officers received their jobs as a result of political connections

Question 14

During the political era of policing, the police were often more concerned with serving the interests of the ________ ______ than with__________ the citizens.

Answer 14

political bosses

protecting

Question 15

How did the professionalism trend benefited law enforcement agencies?

Answer 15

1. salaries and working conditions improved
2. women and minorities were given opportunities-albeit limited- to serve
3. police adminstrations controlled officers to a much greater extent than in the past

Question 16

Which policing strategy happened between the 1840’s and 1930’s?

Answer 16

The Political Era

Question 17

Which policing strategy happened between the 1930’s and 1980’s?

Answer 17

The Return Era

Question 18

Which policing strategy happened between the 1980’s and 2000’s?

Answer 18

The Community Era

Question 19

What was the primary focus of each policing ear?

Answer 19

1. The Political Era focused on providing range of social services to citizenry.
2. The Reform Era focused on controlling crime.
3. The Community Era focused continuing to control crime while providing a broader range of social services.

Question 20

What type of organization did each policing strategy have?

Answer 20

1. The Political Era was decentralized.
2. The Reform Era was centralized.
3. The Community
   Era was decentralized, with specialized units and task forces.

Question 21

What was the police-community relationship in each policing strategy?

Answer 21

1. The Political Era was intimate.
2. The Reform Era was professional and distant.
3. The Community Era returned to intimacy.

Question 22

What are the weaknesses of each policing era?

Answer 22

The weakness of the Political Era is widespread police corruption and brutality.

The weakness of the Reform Era is lack of communication with citizens fostered mistrust and community violence (riots).

The weakness of the Community Era is an over reliance on police officers to solve all of society’s problems.

Question 23

During the ________ era of American policing, which lasted roughly from 1840 to 1930, police officers used the _______ system to enrich themselves.

Answer 23

political

patronage

Question 24

The ________ era, which followed, saw the modernization of our nation’s law enforcement system through innovations like Vollmer and Wilson’s _________ model of policing.

Answer 24

reform

professional

Question 25

Following the national turmoil of the 1960’s and early 1970s, _______ era strategies encouraged a partnership between citizens and the police.

Answer 25

community

Question 26

Today, _______-led policing efforts attempt to make law enforcement agencies more efficient and better able to prevent future _______ attacks.

Answer 26

intelligence

terrorist

Question 27

What are some of the basic requirements to become a police officer?

Answer 27

• be a U.S. citizen
• not have been convicted of a felony
• have or be eligible to have a driver’s license in the state where the department is located
• be at least 21 years of age
• meet weight & eyesight requirements

Question 28

What kind of tests are involved in background checks to become a police officer?

Answer 28

1. drug tests
2. review of their applicant’s education, military, and driving records
3. credit checks
4. interviews with spouses, acquaintances, and previous employers
5. a background search for a criminal record

Question 29

In terms of educational requirements, a majority of police departments require at least a ____ _______ diploma, and a minority of them require a degree from a ____-_____ college.

Answer 29

high school

two-year

Question 30

Most police agencies require that recruits be at least ____ years of age and have no prior _________ convictions.

Answer 30

21

felony

Question 31

During the ________ period, which can last as long as eighteen months, a recruit will attend a ________ _________ to learn the rules of police work in an institutional setting.

Answer 31

probationary

police academy

Question 32

Then, she or he will leave the classroom and partner with an experienced officer for _________ ________.

Answer 32

field training