Chapter 4 Flashcards
Theory helps ____________
describe and predict
Domain
perspective and knowledge of practice and history
Paradigm
links science, philosophy, and theories accepted and applied by discipline
Nursing increases if ______
person + health + environment + nursing
Nursing process =
method of applying the theory or knowledge
Person =
knowledge
Health =
dynamic
Environment =
surrounds self
Nursing =
diagnosis, autonomy, ADPIE
Theories contain:
- perspective/view situations
- organize data
- Analyze info. - method
Independent Nursing Intervention:
re positioning, safety checks, ambulate, etc.
Types of Theories
Grand
Middle range
Descriptive
Prescriptive
Grand theory
Broad
Middle range theory
limited info
Descriptive theory
describe phenomena, why it occurred, patient assumptions
Prescriptive theory
address interventions, consequences of intervention
Maslow’s Pyramid
Bottom to top: Physical needs –> Safety –> Love/belonging –> Self Esteem –> Self Actualization
**Nursing primary focus is on Physical needs and Safety
Nightingale
Sanitation and environment = descriptive
Peplau
interpersonal relations between nurse, patient, and family = relationship development
Henderson
14 basic needs = contribute to health recovery/ or peaceful death (holistic)
Orem
patient’s self care needs = goal is for patient to manage health care problems
Leininger
trans cultural care diversity
-considers social structure factor
Neuman
stress and patients reactions to stress
- role of nursing is to stabilize the patient or situation
- internal and external
Roy
adaptive system – change with
- patient cannot adapt to stresses, nursing is needed
ex. diet, exercise, medication size, etc.
Watson
focuses mainly on caring and then health, preventing illness
Benner and Wrubel
caring is central
Nursing knowledge is
theoretical and practical
