Chapter 3: Water and Life Flashcards
is the only common substance to exist in the
natural environment in all three physical states of
matter
water
spend more time near the oxygen
than the hydrogen
polar covalent bonds
Four of water’s properties that facilitate an
environment for life are
Cohesive behavior
Ability to moderate temperature
Expansion upon freezing
Versatility as a solvent
Collectively, hydrogen bonds hold water molecules
together, a phenomenon called
cohesion
helps the transport of water against gravity
in plants
cohesion
is an attraction between different
substances, for example, between water and plant
cell walls
adhesion
is a measure of how difficult it is to
break the surface of a liquid
Surface tension
is the energy of motion
kinetic energy
The kinetic energy associated with random motion of
atoms or molecules is called what
thermal energy
represents the average kinetic energy
of the molecules in a body of matter
temperature
Thermal energy transfered from one body of
matter to another is defined as
heat
s the amount of heat required to
raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1ºC
calorie (cal)
The “Calories” on food packages are actually
kilocalories (kcal)
is transformation of a
substance from liquid to gas
Evaporation (or vaporization)
is the heat a liquid must
absorb for 1 g to be converted to gas
Heat of vaporization
As a liquid evaporates, its remaining surface cools, a
process called
evaporative cooling
evaporative cooling
As a liquid evaporates, its remaining surface cools, a
process called
