Chapter 3 The Nervous System

Question 1

What are the 2 major divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 1

• central nervous system
• peripherial nervous system

Question 2

What does the central nervous system consists of?

Answer 2

All the neurons a part of the brain and the spinal cord

Question 3

What does the peripheral nervous system consists of?

Answer 3

Consist of all the neurons that connect the central nervous system with muscles glands and sensory receptors - all neurons outside of brain and spinal chord

Question 4

what is the bodies master control centre?

Answer 4

The nervous system

Question 5

what are the three major types of neurons and their functions?

Answer 5

• sensory neurons - carry input messages from the sense organs to the spinal chord and brain
• motor neurons - transmit output impulses from the brain and spinal chord to muscles and organs
• interneurons - perform connective or associative functions within nervous system which makes it possible for higher mental functions, emotions and behaviour capabilities

Question 6

Describe/ draw the branching of the nervous system

Answer 6

Question 7

What are the two major divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 7

• The somatic nervous system
• the autonomic nervous system

Question 8

What neurons does the somatic nervous system consist of and what are their functions?

Answer 8

• Sensory neurons - specialized to transmit messages from the eyes, ears and other sensory receptors
• Motor neurons - send messages from the brain and spinal chord to to the muscles that control our voluntary movements

Question 9

How do you sensory nerves and motor nerves form?

Answer 9

The grouping together of the axons of sensory neurons and motor neurons

Question 10

What are tracts?

Answer 10

Nerves in the brain and spinal cord

Question 11

describe the somatic nervous system

Answer 11

Allows you to send and respond to your environment through voluntary muscle activation

Question 12

Describe the autonomic nervous system

Answer 12

• Regulates the body’s internal environment by controlling the glands and the smooth involuntary muscles that form the heart blood vessels and the inner lining of the stomach and intestines.
• Mostly concerned with involuntary functions such as respiration, circulation and digestion
• Awesome about the many aspects of motivation, emotional behaviour and stress responses

Question 13

What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 13

• Sympathetic nervous system
• Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 14

Describe the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 14

• Has an activation or arousal function and tends to work as a whole unit

Question 15

Describe the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 15

• Slows down body processes and maintains or returns you to state of rest
• Specific in its actions

Question 16

How do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system’s differ?

Answer 16

They target the same organ or glands but have opposing actions

Question 17

Describe homeostasis

Answer 17

a constant internal state maintained by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems working in equilibrium

Question 18

What protects the spinal chords neurons?

Answer 18

Bones of the spine called the vertebrae