Chapter 25 The Fetal Face And Neck Flashcards
The nuchal fold measurement is typically obtained:
Between 15 weeks and 21 weeks
The condition in which there is no nose and a proboscis separating two close-set orbits is:
Ethmocephaly
A small mandible is termed:
Micrognathia
______is also referred to as trisomy 21?
Down syndrome
The thickness of the nuchal fold in the second trimester should not exceed:
6mm
Fusion of the orbits is termed:
Cyclopia
At what level is the nuchal fold measurement obtained:
Cavum septum pellucidum
An abnormal division in the lip is referred to as:
Cleft lip
_______does not affect the orbits
Epignathus
Close-set eyes and a nose with a single nostril is termed:
Cebocephaly
______is also referred to as Patau syndrome
Trisomy 13
The growth disorder syndrome synonymous with organ, skull, and tongue enlargement is:
Beckwith Wiedermann syndrome
A group of abnormalities associated with the entrapment of fetal parts and fetal amputations is:
Amniotic band syndrome
A large, mostly cystic mass containing a thick, midline septation is noted in the cervical spine region of a fetus. Most likely represents:
Cystic Hygroma
______is a benign congenital neck cysts found most often near the angle of the mandible?
Branchial cleft cysts
The measurement obtained between the lateral walls of the orbits is referred to as the:
Binocular diameter
Facial anomalies, when discovered, should prompt the sonographer to analyze the brain closely for sign of:
Holoprosencephaly
An unusual protuberance of the tongue is termed:
Macroglossia
An absent or hypoplastic nasal bone is most likely associated with:
Trisomy 21
The most common location of a cystic hygroma is within the:
Neck
Micrognathia is a condition found in:
Trisomy 18
Nuchal thickening is most commonly associated with:
Down syndrome
________may also be referred to as turner syndrome?
Monosomy X
______would most likely involve the development of a cystic hygroma?
Turner syndrome
A cystic hygroma is the result of:
An abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the soft tissue
The optimal scan plane to visualize micrognathia is:
Sagittal
An increase distance between the orbits is referred to as:
Hypertelorism
There is a definite link between microtia and what syndrome?
Down syndrome
An oral teratoma is referred to as:
Epignsthus
Macroglossia is most commonly found with:
Beckwith wiedemann syndrome
The most common cause of hypertelorism is:
Anterior cephalocele
The fetal lip typically closes by:
8 weeks
What is the term for a smaller than normal ear?
Microtia
The most frequently encountered chromosomal abnormality associated with holoprosencephaly is:
Trisomy 13
An increased nuchal fold is most likely associated with:
Trisomy 21
A reduction in the distance between the orbits is referred to as:
Hypotelorism
The absence of the eyes is termed:
Anophthalmia
The isolated enlargement of the fetal thyroid is referred to as:
Fetal goiter
Nuchal translucency measurement can be taken between _______weeks
11 and 13
Nuchal fold is typically measured anywhere between______ weeks
15 and 21
_______is a measurement taken in the second trimester of the skin on the posterior aspect of the fetal neck
Nuchal fold thickness
______results in an abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the soft tissue
Cystic hygroma
The most common location of a cystic hygroma is within the:
Neck
______is a small mandible and recessed chin
Micrognathia
______is defined as an unusual protuberance of the tongue
Macroglossia
Small ears are referred to as ______and have a strong link with down syndrome
Microtia
An increase distance between the orbits is referred to as:
Hypertelorism
A reduction in the distance between the orbits is referred to as:
Hypotelorism
______is a decreased in the size of the eye:
Microphthalmia
A fetal goiter can be the cause of:
*Overtreatment of maternal grave disease
*Iodine deficiency
*Hypothyroidism
Sonographic findings of Cystic hygroma
- Cystic neck mass divided in the midline by a thick fibrous band of tissue
- The mass may contain smaller cystic areas with internal septations
