Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ARRT (Ob/gyn US) > Chapter 20 Postmenopausal Sonography And Sonohysterography > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Postmenopausal Sonography And Sonohysterography Flashcards

1
Q

The most common female genital tract malignancy is:

A

Endometrial carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Endometrial polyps are associated with all (3):

A
  • Intermenstrual bleeding
  • Tamoxifen therapy
  • Prolapse through the cervix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Endometrial hyperplasia may be caused by:

A

Endometrial atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

68 year old patient presents to the sonography department complaining of vaginal bleeding . The most likely cause of bleeding is:

A

Endometrial atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

With endometrial atrophy, the endometrial thickness should not exceed:

A

5mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

An 84 year old patient presents to the sonography department with sudden onset of vaginal bleeding . Her endometrial thickness should not exceed:

A

5mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Asymptomatic 65 year-old patient presents to the sonography department with pelvic pain but no vaginal bleeding. Her endometrial thickness should not exceed:

A

8mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Causes of postmenopausal bleeding include:

A
  • Endometrial atrophy
  • Endometrial hyperplasia
  • Intracavity fibroids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

______would most likely lead to the development of endometrial adhesions?

A

D and C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Tamoxifen effects on the endometrium will sonographically appear as:

A

Cystic changes within a thickened endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

______would be most likely to cause postmenopausal bleeding?

A

Thecoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tamoxifen has been linked with (3):

A

*Endometrial polyps
*Endometrial hyperplasia
*Endometrial carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The sonographic appearance of a 59 year old women on HRT is:

A

Variable depending upon the menstrual cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Unopposed estrogen therapy has been shown to increase the risk for developing:

A

Endometrial carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Possible benefit of ERT include:

A

*Reduction in osteoporosis risk
*Risk in colon cancer risk
*Reduction in heart disease risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The breast cancer treatment drug that may alter the sonographic appearance of the endometrium is:

A

Tamoxifen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What hormone plays a major role in the symptoms associated with menopause?

A

Estrogenate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Stein-Leventhal syndrome is related to:

A

*Infertility
*Anovulatory cycles
*Hirsutism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cessation of menstruation with advanced age is termed:

A

Menopause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a gynecologic procedure to remove an endometrial polyp?

A

Hysteroscopy with polypectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

______would increase the risk of a patient developing endometrial cancer?

A

Unopposed ERT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Blood accumulation within the uterus is termed:

A

Hematometra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Description of endometrial polyps:

A

Benign nodules of hyperplastic endometrial tissue

24
Q

The most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding is:

A

Endometrial atrophy

25
Q

Measurement of the endometrium should include:

A

Measurement from the basal layer to the basal layer

26
Q

What is the most common form of endometrial carcinoma?

A

Adenocarcinoma

27
Q

The removal of tissue from the endometrium by scraping is termed:

A

Curettage

28
Q

What is used as a tumor marker for endometrial carcinoma?

A

CA-125

29
Q

What would increase a patient’s likelihood of a suffering from thromboembolism?

A

ERT

30
Q

Asherman syndrome is associated with:

A

Endometrial adhesions

31
Q

The absence of menstrual bleeding is termed:

A

Amenorrhea

32
Q

What is the most likely pulsed doppler characteristic of endometrial cancer?

A

Low-impedance flow

33
Q

Because of the lack of circulating estrogen during and after menopause, there is a notable increase risk for developing?

A

Osteopenia and osteoporosis

34
Q

Treatment for endometrial polys is typically a:

A

Polypectomy with the use of hysteroscopy

35
Q

Endometrial polyps are better visualized with the use of:

A

Saline infusion sonohysterography (SIS)

36
Q

_______is the most common female genital tract malignancy, with PMB being the most common clinical presentation

A

Endometrial carcinoma

37
Q

Elevation of _______has been linked with cancers of the ovary, endometrium, breast, gastrointestinal tract and lungs

A

CA-125

38
Q

If the endometrium measures less than 5mm, the bleeding is typically caused by:

A

Endometrial atrophy

39
Q

______are small nodules of hyperplastic endometrial tissue that may cause abnormal vaginal bleeding in both postmenopausal or perimenopausal woman

A

Endometrial polyps

40
Q

______is often used to combat the reduction of estrogen circulating in the female body after menopause and to prevent menopausal symptoms

A

Hormone replacement therapy

41
Q

______is an increase in the number of endometrial cells

A

Endometrial hyperplasia

42
Q

_____is a sonographic procedure that uses saline instillation into the endometrial cavity and fallopian tubes to evaluate for internal abnormalities

A

Saline infusion sonohysterography

43
Q

_____is a breast cancer drug that inhibits the effects of estrogen on the breast, thus slowing the growth of malignant breast cells

A

Tamoxifen

44
Q

_____is the presence of intrauterine adhesions or synechiae within the uterine cavity that typically occur as a result of scar formation after uterine surgery

A

Asherman syndrome

45
Q

Patients undergoing menopause may also suffer from:

A

*Night sweats
*Hot flashes
*Mood changes
*Depression
*Dyspareunia
*Dysuria
*Decrease in libido

46
Q

Without ______, menstruation ceases and the uterus and ovaries undergo atrophy or decrease in size

A

Estrogen and Progesterone

47
Q

The average age at which menopause occurs is ______, with a range in normal women between the ages of _____

A

*51
*41-58

48
Q

_____is the cessation of menstruation with advanced age

A

Menopause

49
Q

Clinical findings of endometrial hyperplasia(4):

A
  1. Abnormal uterine bleeding
  2. Polycystic ovary syndrome
  3. Obesity
  4. Tamoxifen therapy
50
Q

Clinical findings of endometrial carcinoma

A
  1. Postmenopausal bleeding
  2. Intermenstrual bleeding
  3. Enlarged uterus
  4. Elevation of CA-125
51
Q

Clinical findings of endometrial polyps

A
  1. Can be asymptomatic
  2. Menometrorrhagia
  3. Intermenstrual bleeding
  4. Has been linked with infertility in reproductive aged group
52
Q

Clinical findings of asherman syndrome

A
  1. History of D&C trauma and uterine surgery
  2. Recurrent pregnancy loss
  3. Amenorrhea or hypomenorrhea
53
Q

Sonographic findings of endometrial hyperplasia

A
  1. Thickened echogenic endometrium
  2. Small cystic spaces within the endometrium
54
Q

Sonographic findings of endometrial carcinoma

A
  1. Thickened endometrium
  2. Heterogeneous uterus
  3. Enlarged uterus with lobular contour
  4. Endometrial fluid
  5. Polypoid mass within the endometrium
55
Q

Sonographic findings of endometrial polyps

A
  1. Focal thickening of the endometrium
  2. Diffuse thickening of the endometrium
56
Q

Sonographic findings of Asherman syndrome

A
  1. Bright areas within the endometrium
  2. Sonohysterography findings include bright bands of tissue traversing the uterine cavity

ARRT (Ob/gyn US) (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions