Chapter 22 Obsteric Sonography Review Flashcards
_____is also referred to as trisomy 13?
Patau syndrome
_____would be least likely associated with an elevation in MSAFP?
Turner syndrome
_____artifacts is caused by attenuation of the sound beam?
Posterior shadowing
_____artifact is produced when the sound beam is barely attenuated through a fluid or a fluid-containing structure?
Acoustic enhancement
The abdominal circumference should include:
- Fetal stomach
- Fetal thoracic spine
- The umbilical vein
_______describe the optimal instance to take the femur length measurement?
When the long axis of the femoral shaft is perpendicular to the sound beam
The protein that is produced by the yolk sac, fetal gastrointestinal tract, and the fetal liver is:
Alpha-fetoprotein
The physiologic ovarian cyst that develops after ovulation has occurred is the:
Corpus luteum cyst
The dilation of the renal collecting system secondary to the obstruction of normal urine flow defines:
Hydronephrosis
The triple screen typically includes an analysis of:
*hCG
*Alpha-fetoprotein
*Estriol
_______would not typically produce an elevation in hCG?
Anembryonic pregnancy
What is the fetal buttocks are closest to the cervix?
Frank breech
Biophysical profile scoring is conducted for how long:
For 30 minutes
Something that is idiopathic is said to be:
From an unknown cause
What form of fetal presentation is the most common?
Cephalic
The premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus describes:
Placental abruption
The anechoic space along the posterior aspect of the fetal neck is the:
Nuchal translucency
A myelomeningocele is associated with:
Spina bifida
______are produced by the placenta :
*hCG
*PAPP-A
*Inhibin A
______would be decreased in the presence of Edwards syndrome
- Estriol
- hCG
- Alpha-fetoprotein
What is observed during a biophysical profile:
*Fetal tone
*Thoracic movement
*Fetal breathing
Painless second-trimester vaginal bleeding is most often associated with:
Placenta previa
The clinical manifestation of supine hypotensive syndrome include:
- Tachycardia
- Nausea
- Pallor
The second trimester typically refers to weeks:
13-26
In the TPAL designation, the “L” refers to:
Live births
The number of pregnancies is defined as:
Gravidity
The number of pregnancies in which the number of pregnancies in which the patient has given birth to a fetus at or beyond 20 weeks gestation or weight 500g?
Parity
What would be an indication for a third-trimester sonogram?
*Evaluate fetal presentation
*Evaluate fetal growth
*Evaluate gestational age
The quadruple screen includes an analysis of:
*hCG
*Alpha-fetoprotein
*Inhibin A
Typically, with gastroschisis, the MSAFP value will be:
Elevated
Typically, with anencephaly, the MSAFP value will be:
Elevated
Typically, with a miscarriage, the serum hCG value will be:
Decreased
What is the term for the fetal presentation that is head down?
Cephalic
For the normal biophysical profile, the amniotic fluid pocket should measure:
At least 1cm in two perpendicular planes
Whats included in the biophysical profile?
- Flexion of the limb
- Amniotic fluid
- Fetal breathing
______would be the least likely indication for first-trimester sonogram?
Gender identification
The reduction in blood return to the maternal heart caused by the gravid uterus compressing the maternal IVC describes:
Supine hypotensive syndrome
What is defined as the area located posterior to the broad ligaments adjacent to the uterus, which contains the ovaries and fallopian tubes?
Adnexa
Fetal presentation is determined by identifying the fetal part is closest to the:
Internal OS of the cervix
In the second trimester, painful vaginal bleeding may occur as a result of:
Placental abruption
In second trimester, painless vaginal bleeding is most often associated with:
Placental previa
_____denotes the number of pregnancies that led to the birth of a fetus at or beyond 20 weeks gestational age or of an infant who weight 500g
Parity
_____denotes the number of times a woman has been pregnant
Gravidity
First-trimester sonograms may require the use of a ______or higher transvaginal transducer for better visualization
5-10MHz
______is when the placenta covers or nearly covers the internal os of the cervix
Placenta previa
______is a peptide hormone secreted by the placenta during pregnancy
Inhibin A
_______is an estrogenic hormone produced by the placenta
Estriol
The highest possible sonographic score is ______ points or ______points for each criterion accomplished
*8
*2
The purpose of biophysical profile scoring is to investigate for signs of:
Fetal hypoxia and to assess overall fetal wellbeing
______is a maternal blood test that includes an analysis of hCG, estriol, alpha-fetoprotein and inhibin A
Quadruple screen
_____is a maternal blood test performed between 15-20 gestational weeks that includes hCG, maternal serum, alpha-fetoprotein(MSAFP) and estriol
Triple screen
Measurements obtained in the first trimester include:
- Yolk sac
- Gestational sac
- CRL
- NT
_______is a reduction in blood return to the maternal heart caused by the gravid uterus compressing the maternal IVC
Supine hypotensive syndrome
The third trimester in weeks
27-42 weeks
The second trimester in weeks:
13-26 weeks
First trimester in weeks:
1-12 weeks
