Chapter 22 Flashcards
Who published “The Origin of Species by means of natural selection” in 1859
Charles Darwin
On Darwin’s drip across the world on a ship he came his with two main ideas….
- decent with modifications
- natural selection
What are the key observations of life?
- adaptations
- unity of life
- diversity of life
- Greek philosopher that viewed species as diced and unchanging
- Scala nature AKA scale of nature
-the Old Testament holds that species were individually designed by God and therefore perfect
Aristotle
- he interpreted organismal adaptations as evidence that the created had designed each species for a specific purpose
- founder of taxonomy
- did not imply evolutionary kinship
Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778)
What is the system of naming species of living things?
Binomial Nomenclature
- paleontology, French scientist
- advocated catastrophism (each strata layer came from a catastrophic event)
George Cuvier
- geologist
- perceived that changes in Earth’s surface can result from slow continuous actions still operating today
***this view strongly influenced Darwin’s thinking
James Hutton, Charles Lyell
What is larmarck’s hypothesis of evolution?
- use and disuse
- inheritance of acquired characteristics
- not supported by evidence
What scientist has proposed that the geological processes of the past (e.g., rivers forming valleys over time) were still in operation?
Lyell
- theology
- naturalist and companion to captain Robert FitzRoy for a 5-year around the world voyage on the HMS beagle
Charles Darwin
On Darwin’s travels he collected ___________.
What did he observe?
South American plants and animals
They have to be week suited for their environment
*Darwin was influenced by Lyell’s principle of geology
Who was working on the same thing at the same time independently of Darwin?
Alfred Russell Wallace (1858)
Name of the essay Darwin wrote on the origin of species and NATURAL SELECTION (not evolution) but did not introduce his theory publicly, anticipating an uproar
The Origin of Species (1959)
What are the three broad observations that resulted from decent with modification by natural selection?
- unity of life
- diversity of life
- the match between organisms and their environment
