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Biology 1406 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Gene of choice is manipulated and prepared in the laboratory
Transgene is injected into the egg of an animal
Egg is implanted into surrogate

A

Transgenic pharming

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2
Q

What are the seven properties of life?

A
  1. Cells and organization
  2. Energy processing
  3. Response to environmental changes
  4. Regulation and homeostasis
  5. Growth and development
  6. Reproduction
  7. Evolutionary adaptation
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3
Q

What’s the fundamental unit of life?

A

Cells!

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4
Q

Ability to do work?

A

Energy

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5
Q

Autotrophs vs. heterotrophs?

A

Autotrophs can produce their own food from substances available in their surroundings using light or chemical energy.
Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and rely on other organisms both plants and animals for nutrition

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6
Q

How does growth happen?

A

Mitosis

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7
Q

What happens when an organism develops?

A

Structures start to arise from your genes.

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8
Q

What allows for reproduction?

A

Gametes- sex or reproductive, cell containing only one set of dissimilar chromosomes or half the genetic material necessary to form a complete organism

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9
Q

Why do living things reproduce?

A

To pass genes on

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10
Q

What are the five unifying themes all life has in common?

A 
Organization 
Information 
Energy and matter
Interactions 
Evolution
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11
Q

Levels of biological organization

A
  1. atoms
  2. molecules (2 or more atoms) and macromolecules
  3. Organelles (only eukaryotes)
  4. Cells
  5. Tissues
  6. Organs
  7. Organisms
  8. Population
  9. Community
  10. Ecosystem
  11. Biosphere
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12
Q

Population

A

Same species at same location or area

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13
Q

What do ribosomes make?

A

Proteins

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14
Q

What are the the two types of cells?

A

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic (with membrane bound nucleus)

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15
Q

What is the basis for all reproduction, growth, and repair?

A

Mitosis

Meiosis- for reproduction

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16
Q

What is genome?

A

All chromosomes together

17
Q

Genes are the units of________

A

Inheritance

18
Q

What do genes encode?

A

Proteins!

19
Q

Half the number of chromosomes?

Two sets of chromosomes?

A

Haploid, diploid

20
Q

________ controls the development and maintenance of organisms

A

DNA

21
Q

What accounts for the unity and diversity of life?

A

Evolution

22
Q

Living Organisms are modified descendants of ________ _________

A

Common ancestor

23
Q

Traits that are different than other organisms is evidence of ________ _______

A

Natural selection

24
Q
  • founder of taxonomy
  • did not imply evolutionary kinship
  • binomial nomenclature
  • he just looked at the appearance to classify
A

Carolus Linnaeus

25
Q

“Dear King Philip Came Over for green soup”

A 
Domain 
Kingdom
Phylum 
Class
Order
Family 
Genus 
Species
26
Q

The three domains of life?

A
  • bacteria (prokaryotes)
  • archaea (prokaryotes)
  • eukarya (eukaryotes)
27
Q

What three multicellular kingdoms does the domain Eukarya include?

A

Pants, fungi, and animals

28
Q

What is the branch if biology that names and classifies species into a hierarchical order?

A

Taxonomy

29
Q

What are the 8 taxonomic groups used to group species?

A 
(Think Dear King Phillip Came Over For Green Soup) 
Domain 
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family 
Genus
Species
30
Q

With evolution as the core theme of biology, we can explain traits shared by organisms as evidence of ___________ and traits that differ amount organisms as evidence of __________.

A

descent from a common ancestor; adaptation through natural selection

31
Q

A hypothesis bust be _________ and _________.

A

Testable, falsifiable

32
Q

Five stages of the scientific method?

A
  1. Observations
  2. Hypothesis (useful hypothesis is testable)
  3. Experimentation
  4. Data is gathered and analyzed
  5. Form a conclusion and the hypothesis is either accepted or rejected
33
Q

In science, observations and experiments but be___________.

A

Repeatable

34
Q

How is a theory different than a hypothesis?

A
  • broader in scope than a hypothesis
  • general and can lead to a new testable hypotheses
  • supporter by a large body of evidence
35
Q

Is a theory and a hypnosis considered the same thing?

A

No

36
Q

A hypothesis can be proven true?

A

False

Biology 1406 (20 decks)

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