Chapter 1 Flashcards
Gene of choice is manipulated and prepared in the laboratory
Transgene is injected into the egg of an animal
Egg is implanted into surrogate
Transgenic pharming
What are the seven properties of life?
- Cells and organization
- Energy processing
- Response to environmental changes
- Regulation and homeostasis
- Growth and development
- Reproduction
- Evolutionary adaptation
What’s the fundamental unit of life?
Cells!
Ability to do work?
Energy
Autotrophs vs. heterotrophs?
Autotrophs can produce their own food from substances available in their surroundings using light or chemical energy.
Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and rely on other organisms both plants and animals for nutrition
How does growth happen?
Mitosis
What happens when an organism develops?
Structures start to arise from your genes.
What allows for reproduction?
Gametes- sex or reproductive, cell containing only one set of dissimilar chromosomes or half the genetic material necessary to form a complete organism
Why do living things reproduce?
To pass genes on
What are the five unifying themes all life has in common?
Organization Information Energy and matter Interactions Evolution
Levels of biological organization
- atoms
- molecules (2 or more atoms) and macromolecules
- Organelles (only eukaryotes)
- Cells
- Tissues
- Organs
- Organisms
- Population
- Community
- Ecosystem
- Biosphere
Population
Same species at same location or area
What do ribosomes make?
Proteins
What are the the two types of cells?
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic (with membrane bound nucleus)
What is the basis for all reproduction, growth, and repair?
Mitosis
Meiosis- for reproduction
What is genome?
All chromosomes together
Genes are the units of________
Inheritance
What do genes encode?
Proteins!
Half the number of chromosomes?
Two sets of chromosomes?
Haploid, diploid
________ controls the development and maintenance of organisms
DNA
What accounts for the unity and diversity of life?
Evolution
Living Organisms are modified descendants of ________ _________
Common ancestor
Traits that are different than other organisms is evidence of ________ _______
Natural selection
- founder of taxonomy
- did not imply evolutionary kinship
- binomial nomenclature
- he just looked at the appearance to classify
Carolus Linnaeus
“Dear King Philip Came Over for green soup”
Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
The three domains of life?
- bacteria (prokaryotes)
- archaea (prokaryotes)
- eukarya (eukaryotes)
What three multicellular kingdoms does the domain Eukarya include?
Pants, fungi, and animals
What is the branch if biology that names and classifies species into a hierarchical order?
Taxonomy
What are the 8 taxonomic groups used to group species?
(Think Dear King Phillip Came Over For Green Soup) Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
With evolution as the core theme of biology, we can explain traits shared by organisms as evidence of ___________ and traits that differ amount organisms as evidence of __________.
descent from a common ancestor; adaptation through natural selection
A hypothesis bust be _________ and _________.
Testable, falsifiable
Five stages of the scientific method?
- Observations
- Hypothesis (useful hypothesis is testable)
- Experimentation
- Data is gathered and analyzed
- Form a conclusion and the hypothesis is either accepted or rejected
In science, observations and experiments but be___________.
Repeatable
How is a theory different than a hypothesis?
- broader in scope than a hypothesis
- general and can lead to a new testable hypotheses
- supporter by a large body of evidence
Is a theory and a hypnosis considered the same thing?
No
A hypothesis can be proven true?
False
